Al Shawkani Exegesis – Al ​​ Nisa’ Ayah 1 ​​ to Ayah 176

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَبَثَّ مِنْهُمَا​​ رِجَالًا كَثِيرًا وَنِسَاءً​​ ۚ​​ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ الَّذِي تَسَاءَلُونَ بِهِ وَالْأَرْحَامَ​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلَيْكُمْ رَقِيبًا​​ (1).

O mankind, fear your Lord, who created you from one soul and created from it its mate and dispersed from both of them many men and women. And fear Allah, through whom you ask one another, and the wombs. Indeed Allah is ever, over you, an Observer (1).

O Humankind Be Fearful And Conscience Of Your Lord [SWT] Who Created you From A Single Soul [From his left ribs] And Created its spouse And Propagated through them [Adam and Eve/ Aadam and Hawwa in Arabic] many men and woman. And Be Fearful And Conscience Of Allah [SWT] Whom you ask about and the wombs [which Allah [SWT] Created with each female]. Wombs are pseudonyms for family relations and ties which Allah [SWT] forbids severing. Verily Allah [SWT] Is Observant over your actions whether good or bad.

وَآتُوا الْيَتَامَىٰ أَمْوَالَهُمْ​​ ۖ​​ وَلَا تَتَبَدَّلُوا الْخَبِيثَ بِالطَّيِّبِ​​ ۖ​​ وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوَالَهُمْ إِلَىٰ​​ أَمْوَالِكُمْ​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّهُ كَانَ حُوبًا كَبِيرًا​​ (2).

And give to the orphans their properties and do not substitute the defective [of your own] for the good [of theirs]. And do not consume their properties into your own. Indeed, that is ever a great sin (2).

Hand the orphans their rightful wealth [once they reach the age of maturity] and do not exchange your malicious [haram] with their good and decent [halal] and do not devour their wealth and mix it with your own for this verily is a great sin.

This Ayah was Revealed when an orphan who reached mature age asked for his own wealth from his guardian and he was refused the request.

وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَىٰ فَانكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُم مِّنَ النِّسَاءِ مَثْنَىٰ وَثُلَاثَ وَرُبَاعَ​​ ۖ​​ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تَعْدِلُوا فَوَاحِدَةً أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ​​ ۚ​​ ذَٰلِكَ أَدْنَىٰ أَلَّا تَعُولُوا​​ (3).

And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphan girls, then marry those that please you of [other] women, two or three or four. But if you fear that you will not be just, then [marry only] one or those your right hand possesses. That is more suitable ​​ Arabic you may not incline [to injustice] (3).

And if you’re apprehensive that you are unable to justly treat the orphan females whom you would like to marry but would not or cannot give them justice in their dowry or other marriage rights, then leave them and seek what is pleasurable to you from other women; two, three and four wives [as a limit at one time]. However, if you are​​ unable to provide just treatment [as in love ​​ treatment and oath] then marry one woman only or captive [women] which your Right Hand Possesses [Malakat Yemeenukum in Arabic; with no oath rights]. Keeping a single wife is better than iniquity and abuse between two or more wives which would cause you to be unfair. According to Sufyan Al Thawri [RAA] keeping a single wife is fairer to having a lot of offspring [from more than one wife] and thus becoming needy and poorer.

وَآتُوا النِّسَاءَ صَدُقَاتِهِنَّ نِحْلَةً​​ ۚ​​ فَإِن طِبْنَ لَكُمْ عَن شَيْءٍ مِّنْهُ نَفْسًا فَكُلُوهُ هَنِيئًا مَّرِيئًا​​ (4).

And give the women [upon marriage] their [bridal] gifts graciously. But if they give up willingly to you anything of it, then take it in satisfaction and ease (4).

[When marrying women]​​ Present​​ them the [agreed] dowry with good spirit and pleasant heart. So if they offer you part of it then accept it and consume it enjoyably and cheerfully.

وَلَا تُؤْتُوا السُّفَهَاءَ أَمْوَالَكُمُ الَّتِي جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ​​ قِيَامًا وَارْزُقُوهُمْ فِيهَا وَاكْسُوهُمْ وَقُولُوا لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَّعْرُوفًا​​ (5).

And do not give the weak-minded your property, which Allah has made a means of sustenance for you, but provide for them with it and clothe them and speak to them words of​​ appropriate kindness (5).

And do not hand out the foolish, young and immature your personal wealth which Allah [SWT] Has Appropriated for you as guardians [trustees and custodians] to feeding and clothing them and speak to them in kind language.

وَابْتَلُوا الْيَتَامَىٰ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا بَلَغُوا النِّكَاحَ فَإِنْ آنَسْتُم مِّنْهُمْ رُشْدًا فَادْفَعُوا إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهُمْ​​ ۖ​​ وَلَا تَأْكُلُوهَا إِسْرَافًا وَبِدَارًا أَن يَكْبَرُوا​​ ۚ​​ وَمَن كَانَ غَنِيًّا فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ​​ ۖ​​ وَمَن كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَلْيَأْكُلْ​​ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ​​ ۚ​​ فَإِذَا دَفَعْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهُمْ فَأَشْهِدُوا عَلَيْهِمْ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ حَسِيبًا​​ (6).

And test the orphans [in their abilities] until they reach marriageable age. Then if you perceive in them sound judgement, release their​​ property to them. And do not consume it excessively and quickly, [anticipating] that they will grow up. And whoever, [when acting as guardian], is self-sufficient should refrain [from taking a fee]; and whoever is poor – let him take according to what is​​ acceptable. Then when you release their property to them, bring witnesses upon them. And sufficient is Allah as Accountant (6).

And put the orphans [who are under your guardianship] under probation and screen them [in their faculties and abilities in making sound decisions] until​​ the age of marriage [that is, completing 15 years of age according to Imam Al Shafi’iI at which time male and female youth reach puberty then maturity]. Thus if you [as guardians] observe they have reached maturity then release their lawful wealth to them without racing [against the time before reaching their full growth] to consume it wastefully or hastily [to your advantage]. For the guardians who are rich should refrain from taking remuneration, while the poor guardians should take fees with reason and justice. Once you pay them their legitimate wealth then have witnesses present that testify they received the amount and Allah [SWT] Is The Sufficient In Accounting.

لِّلرِّجَالِ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا تَرَكَ الْوَالِدَانِ وَالْأَقْرَبُونَ وَلِلنِّسَاءِ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا تَرَكَ الْوَالِدَانِ وَالْأَقْرَبُونَ مِمَّا قَلَّ مِنْهُ أَوْ كَثُرَ​​ ۚ​​ نَصِيبًا مَّفْرُوضًا​​ (7).

For men is a share of what the parents and close relatives leave, and for women is a share of what the parents and close​​ relatives leave, be it little or much – an obligatory share (7).

Males have a share of the inheritance left by parents and relatives and females have a share​​ of the inheritance left by parents and relatives whether small or large amounts mandatory and decreed [in the Qur’an and by Islamic Jurisprudence].

وَإِذَا حَضَرَ الْقِسْمَةَ أُولُو الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْيَتَامَىٰ وَالْمَسَاكِينُ فَارْزُقُوهُم مِّنْهُ وَقُولُوا لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَّعْرُوفًا​​ (8).

And when [other] relatives and orphans and the needy are present​​ at the [time of] division, then provide for them [something] out of the estate and speak to them words of appropriate kindness (8).

And if and when relatives of the males and females [mentioned in Ayah 7] like orphans, the poor, needy and destitute attend​​ the distribution of wealth then provide for their livelihood [from this wealth] and utter to them words of sympathy and courtesy.

وَلْيَخْشَ الَّذِينَ لَوْ تَرَكُوا مِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّةً ضِعَافًا خَافُوا عَلَيْهِمْ فَلْيَتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَلْيَقُولُوا​​ قَوْلًا سَدِيدًا​​ (9).

And let those [executors and guardians] fear [injustice] as if they [themselves] had left weak offspring behind and feared for them. So let them fear Allah and speak words of appropriate justice (9).

And let those [guardians and custodians] who are responsible for orphans and who have children of their own fear unequal treatment if they happen to meet death and so these guardians should be fearful and conscience of Allah [SWT] and utter an unerring speech.

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ​​ أَمْوَالَ الْيَتَامَىٰ ظُلْمًا إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ نَارًا​​ ۖ​​ وَسَيَصْلَوْنَ سَعِيرًا​​ (10).

Indeed, those who devour the property of orphans unjustly are only consuming into their bellies fire. And they will be burned in a Blaze (10).

Verily, those [guardians and custodians] entrusted with the orphan wealth who consume that wealth unjustly are in fact digesting fire in their stomachs and shall endure an inferno.

يُوصِيكُمُ اللَّهُ فِي أَوْلَادِكُمْ​​ ۖ​​ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنثَيَيْنِ​​ ۚ​​ فَإِن كُنَّ نِسَاءً فَوْقَ اثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَ​​ ۖ​​ وَإِن كَانَتْ وَاحِدَةً فَلَهَا النِّصْفُ​​ ۚ​​ وَلِأَبَوَيْهِ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِّنْهُمَا السُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ إِن كَانَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ​​ ۚ​​ فَإِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهُ وَلَدٌ وَوَرِثَهُ أَبَوَاهُ فَلِأُمِّهِ الثُّلُثُ​​ ۚ​​ فَإِن كَانَ لَهُ إِخْوَةٌ فَلِأُمِّهِ السُّدُسُ​​ ۚ​​ مِن بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصِي بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ​​ ۗ​​ آبَاؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَاؤُكُمْ لَا تَدْرُونَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعًا​​ ۚ​​ فَرِيضَةً مِّنَ اللَّهِ​​ ۗ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ​​ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا​​ (11).

Allah instructs you concerning your children: for the male, what is equal to the share of two females. But if there are [only] daughters, two or more, for them is two thirds of one’s estate. And if there is only one, for her is half. And for one’s parents, to each one of them is a sixth of his estate if he left children. But if he had no children and the parents [alone] inherit from him, then for his mother is one third. And if he had brothers [or sisters], for his mother is a sixth,​​ after any bequest he [may have] made or debt. Your parents or your children – you know not which of them are nearest to you in benefit.​​ [These shares are] an obligation [imposed] by Allah. Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Wise (11).

Allah [SWT] Commands​​ you regarding your offspring [’s inheritance]: For the male a portion equal to two females. But if the deceased had two or more female [daughters] then they receive two thirds of his inheritance. If, however he had only one daughter, then she receives half​​ of the inheritance. And for the parents of the deceased who had children, each receives a sixth of his inheritance. If on the other hand the deceased had no children and the parents are the only heirs, the mother receives a third of his inheritance. If he​​ had brothers or sisters then his mother receives a sixth of his inheritance. The distribution of inheritance [in all cases] is after the payment of legacies and debts. You do not know whether your parents or your children are nearest to you in benefit. These are obligated shares which are Ordained By Allah [SWT] and Allah [SWT] Is The All Knowing, The All Wise.

وَلَكُمْ نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ أَزْوَاجُكُمْ إِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهُنَّ وَلَدٌ​​ ۚ​​ فَإِن كَانَ لَهُنَّ وَلَدٌ فَلَكُمُ الرُّبُعُ مِمَّا تَرَكْنَ​​ ۚ​​ مِن بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصِينَ بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ​​ ۚ​​ وَلَهُنَّ الرُّبُعُ مِمَّا تَرَكْتُمْ إِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّكُمْ وَلَدٌ​​ ۚ​​ فَإِن كَانَ لَكُمْ وَلَدٌ فَلَهُنَّ الثُّمُنُ مِمَّا تَرَكْتُم​​ ۚ​​ مِّن بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ تُوصُونَ بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ​​ ۗ​​ وَإِن كَانَ رَجُلٌ يُورَثُ​​ كَلَالَةً أَوِ امْرَأَةٌ وَلَهُ أَخٌ أَوْ أُخْتٌ فَلِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِّنْهُمَا السُّدُسُ​​ ۚ​​ فَإِن كَانُوا أَكْثَرَ مِن ذَٰلِكَ فَهُمْ شُرَكَاءُ فِي الثُّلُثِ​​ ۚ​​ مِن بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصَىٰ بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ غَيْرَ مُضَارٍّ​​ ۚ​​ وَصِيَّةً مِّنَ اللَّهِ​​ ۗ​​ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَلِيمٌ​​ (12).

And for you is half of what your wives leave if they have no child. But if they have a child, for you is one fourth of what they leave, after any bequest they [may have] made or debt. And for the wives is one fourth if you leave no child. But if you leave a child, then for them is an eighth of what you leave, after any bequest you [may have] made or debt. And if a man or woman leaves neither ascendants nor descendants but has a brother or a sister, then for each one of them is a sixth. But if they are more than two, they share a third, after any bequest which was made or debt, as long as there is no detriment [caused]. [This is] an ordinance from Allah , and Allah is Knowing and Forbearing. And for you is half of what your wives leave if they have no child. But if they have a child, for you is one fourth of what they leave, after any bequest they [may have] made or debt. And for the wives is one fourth if you leave no child. But if you leave a child, then for them is an eighth of what you leave, after any bequest you [may have] made or debt. And if a man or woman leaves neither ascendants nor descendants but has a brother or a sister, then for each one of them is a sixth. But if they are more than two, they share a third, after any bequest which was made or debt, as long as there is no detriment [caused]. [This is] an ordinance from Allah , and Allah is Knowing and Forbearing (12).

And what your wives leave in inheritance and they have no child then you receive half of her inheritance.​​ If however your wives leave a child then you receive a fourth of their inheritance​​ after the payment of legacies and debts. Conversely, from your inheritance they receive a fourth, if you have no child and an eighth if you have a child after the payment of legacies and debts.

In the case that inheriting woman and men [whose inheritance is bought to question] have left neither ascendants nor descendants but have left a brother or sister then each receives a sixth. However, if more than two are under consideration then they share a third after the payment of legacies and debts provided no loss is caused [to anyone]. This obligation is thus Ordained By Allah [SWT] and Allah [SWT] Is The Knowing and The Forbearing.

تِلْكَ حُدُودُ اللَّهِ​​ ۚ​​ وَمَن يُطِعِ اللَّهَ​​ وَرَسُولَهُ يُدْخِلْهُ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا​​ ۚ​​ وَذَٰلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ​​ (13).

These are the limits [set by] Allah , and whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger will be admitted by Him to gardens [in Paradise] under which rivers flow, abiding eternally therein; and that is the great attainment (13).

These are the Boundaries Imposed by Allah [SWT] and whosoever Obeys Allah [SWT]’s [Commandments and Obligations of Inheritance] and His Messenger’s [Honorable Sunnah]​​ Shall be Rewarded By Him [SWT] with Entering the believer Jannat​​ Under which Rivers Flow living eternally and that is the great achievement.

وَمَن يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَهُ يُدْخِلْهُ نَارًا خَالِدًا فِيهَا وَلَهُ عَذَابٌ مُّهِينٌ​​ (14).

And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger and transgresses His limits – He will put him into the Fire to abide eternally therein, and he will have a humiliating punishment (14).

And whosoever contravenes and infringes on Allah [SWT]’s​​ [Commandments and Obligations of Inheritance] and His Messenger’s [Honorable Sunnah] surpassing the Boundaries Of Allah [SWT] shall enter the [Eternal] Hell Fire existing eternally therein and shall receive humiliating torment.

وَاللَّاتِي يَأْتِينَ الْفَاحِشَةَ مِن نِّسَائِكُمْ فَاسْتَشْهِدُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةً مِّنكُمْ​​ ۖ​​ فَإِن شَهِدُوا فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ فِي الْبُيُوتِ حَتَّىٰ يَتَوَفَّاهُنَّ الْمَوْتُ أَوْ يَجْعَلَ اللَّهُ لَهُنَّ سَبِيلًا​​ (15).

Those who commit unlawful sexual intercourse of your women –​​ bring against them four [witnesses] from among you. And if they testify, confine the guilty women to houses until death takes them or Allah ordains for them [another] way (15).

And for those wives of yours who commit obscene and shameless acts [adultery​​ and fornication] then have four people amongst you ready to witness these acts. Thus if these witnesses confirm their oath then detain and impound ​​ your sinful wives to houses until they meet their death or Allah [SWT] Shall [alternatively] Open Up a Way for them.

وَاللَّذَانِ يَأْتِيَانِهَا مِنكُمْ فَآذُوهُمَا​​ ۖ​​ فَإِن تَابَا وَأَصْلَحَا فَأَعْرِضُوا عَنْهُمَا​​ ۗ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ تَوَّابًا رَّحِيمًا​​ (16).

And the two who commit it among you, dishonor them both. But if they repent and correct themselves,​​ leave them alone. Indeed, Allah is ever Accepting of repentance and Merciful (16).

And for those [males and females] amongst you who commit adultery then disgrace, discredit and shame them and hit or whip both [while detaining the female]. However, if they repent and regret their actions then release them. Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Oft Repenting and Merciful. This Ayah was Revealed before the Ayat relating to the Bounds of Punishment [Hodood Al Qasas in Arabic] in Sourat An’noor [Ayah 1-5].

إِنَّمَا التَّوْبَةُ عَلَى اللَّهِ لِلَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ السُّوءَ بِجَهَالَةٍ ثُمَّ يَتُوبُونَ مِن قَرِيبٍ فَأُولَٰئِكَ يَتُوبُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ​​ ۗ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا​​ (17).

The repentance accepted by Allah is only for those who do wrong in ignorance [or​​ carelessness] and then repent soon after. It is those to whom Allah will turn in forgiveness, and Allah is ever Knowing and Wise (17).

Verily, Repentance is Incumbent upon Allah [SWT] for those who have acted wrongfully with ignorance and who repent immediately. For these [believers] Allah [SWT] Shall Grant His Forgiveness and Allah [SWT] Is The Knowledgeable, The Wise.

According to the Authentic Prophetic Hadeeth of the Messenger [SAAS]: “Verily Allah [SWT] Accepts the repentance of the worshipper provided he/she are not in the throws of death”.

وَلَيْسَتِ التَّوْبَةُ لِلَّذِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ السَّيِّئَاتِ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَهُمُ الْمَوْتُ قَالَ إِنِّي تُبْتُ الْآنَ وَلَا الَّذِينَ يَمُوتُونَ وَهُمْ كُفَّارٌ​​ ۚ​​ أُولَٰئِكَ أَعْتَدْنَا لَهُمْ عَذَابًا​​ أَلِيمًا​​ (18).

But repentance is not [accepted] of those who [continue to] do evil deeds up until, when death comes to one of them, he says, “Indeed, I have repented now,” or of those who die while they are disbelievers. For them We have prepared a painful​​ punishment (18).

And repentance is not for those wrong doers who once death approaches them they say: “I have now repented”, nor is it for those who die as infidels. For such people Allah [SWT] Has Prepared Painful Torment.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا​​ لَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَن تَرِثُوا النِّسَاءَ كَرْهًا​​ ۖ​​ وَلَا تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ لِتَذْهَبُوا بِبَعْضِ مَا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ إِلَّا أَن يَأْتِينَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ مُّبَيِّنَةٍ​​ ۚ​​ وَعَاشِرُوهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ​​ ۚ​​ فَإِن كَرِهْتُمُوهُنَّ فَعَسَىٰ أَن تَكْرَهُوا شَيْئًا وَيَجْعَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا​​ (19).

O you who have believed, it is not lawful for you to inherit women by compulsion. And do not make difficulties for them in order to take [back] part of what you gave them unless they commit a clear immorality.​​ And live with them in kindness. For if you dislike them​​ – perhaps you dislike a thing and Allah makes therein much good (19).

O you who believe it is illegal [from the Islamic Jurisprudence point of view] to coerce and subjugate women in inheritance and do​​ not treat them with harshness intending to take back part of their dowry except when they commit obvious obscene and shameless acts [adultery and fornication] in which case Ayah15 is applied. And live with them [as husband and wife] with kindness and if you detest and abhor them then it might be that you detest something that Allah [SWT] Makes A Lot Of Good From.

وَإِنْ أَرَدتُّمُ اسْتِبْدَالَ زَوْجٍ مَّكَانَ زَوْجٍ وَآتَيْتُمْ إِحْدَاهُنَّ قِنطَارًا فَلَا تَأْخُذُوا مِنْهُ شَيْئًا​​ ۚ​​ أَتَأْخُذُونَهُ بُهْتَانًا وَإِثْمًا مُّبِينًا​​ (20).

But if you want to replace one wife with another and you have given one of them a great amount [in gifts], do not take [back] from it anything. Would you take it in injustice and manifest sin? (20).

And if you desire to​​ exchange a wife with another [through divorce and marriage] and you had gifted the first wife with a large dowry [Qintar = 100 Pounds of gold] then do not take anything back. Would you take it back in a slanderous obvious and unjust way?

وَكَيْفَ تَأْخُذُونَهُ وَقَدْ أَفْضَىٰ بَعْضُكُمْ إِلَىٰ بَعْضٍ وَأَخَذْنَ مِنكُم مِّيثَاقًا غَلِيظًا​​ (21).

And how could you take it while you have gone in unto each other and they have taken from you a solemn covenant? (21).

And how can you take the dowry back when in marriage each is exposed to the other [through sexual intercourse] and are bound by a strong covenant of marriage.

وَلَا تَنكِحُوا مَا نَكَحَ آبَاؤُكُم مِّنَ النِّسَاءِ إِلَّا مَا قَدْ سَلَفَ​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّهُ كَانَ فَاحِشَةً وَمَقْتًا وَسَاءَ سَبِيلًا​​ (22).

And do​​ not marry those [women] whom your fathers married, except what has already occurred. Indeed, it was an immorality and hateful [to Allah] and was evil as a way (22).

And do not marry females your fathers already married except what has already taken place.​​ It is but an obscene and shameless act and an abominable practice indeed a ridiculed path.

حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَّهَاتُكُمْ وَبَنَاتُكُمْ وَأَخَوَاتُكُمْ وَعَمَّاتُكُمْ وَخَالَاتُكُمْ وَبَنَاتُ الْأَخِ وَبَنَاتُ الْأُخْتِ وَأُمَّهَاتُكُمُ اللَّاتِي أَرْضَعْنَكُمْ وَأَخَوَاتُكُم مِّنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ وَأُمَّهَاتُ نِسَائِكُمْ وَرَبَائِبُكُمُ اللَّاتِي فِي حُجُورِكُم مِّن نِّسَائِكُمُ اللَّاتِي دَخَلْتُم بِهِنَّ فَإِن لَّمْ تَكُونُوا دَخَلْتُم بِهِنَّ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَحَلَائِلُ​​ أَبْنَائِكُمُ الَّذِينَ مِنْ أَصْلَابِكُمْ وَأَن تَجْمَعُوا بَيْنَ الْأُخْتَيْنِ إِلَّا مَا قَدْ سَلَفَ​​ ۗ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا​​ (23)​​  ​​​​ 

Prohibited to you [for marriage] are your mothers, your daughters, your sisters, your father’s sisters, your mother’s​​ sisters, your brother’s daughters, your sister’s daughters, your [milk] mothers who nursed you, your sisters through nursing, your wives’ mothers, and your step-daughters under your guardianship [born] of your wives unto whom you have gone in. But if you have not gone in unto them, there is no sin upon you. And [also prohibited are] the wives of your sons who are from your [own] loins, and that you take [in marriage] two sisters simultaneously, except for what has already occurred. Indeed, Allah is ever Forgiving and Merciful (23).

You are prohibited [under Islamic Shari’a [Jurisprudence] Law] to be in wedlock with your mothers, your daughters, your sisters, your paternal aunts, your maternal aunts, your brother’s niece, your sister’s niece, your foster mothers [who fed you from their breast], your foster sisters, the mothers of your wives, your step-daughters under your guardianship [born to your wives from other wedlock] and you have had [lawful] sexual intercourse [with your wives]. If, on the other hand,​​ you have not had lawful intercourse then there is no offence. The interdiction includes the wives of your sons born from your own backs [loins] as well as the marriage of two sisters at the same time except for previous marriages [Before the Revelation of​​ this Ayah]. Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Forever Forgiving and Merciful.

وَالْمُحْصَنَاتُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ​​ ۖ​​ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ​​ ۚ​​ وَأُحِلَّ لَكُم مَّا وَرَاءَ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَن تَبْتَغُوا بِأَمْوَالِكُم مُّحْصِنِينَ غَيْرَ مُسَافِحِينَ​​ ۚ​​ فَمَا اسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِهِ مِنْهُنَّ فَآتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةً​​ ۚ​​ وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا تَرَاضَيْتُم بِهِ مِن بَعْدِ الْفَرِيضَةِ​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا​​ (24).

And [also prohibited to you are all] married​​ women except those your right hands possess. [This is] the decree of Allah upon you. And lawful to you are [all others] beyond these, [provided] that you seek them [in marriage] with [gifts from] your property, desiring chastity, not unlawful sexual intercourse. So for whatever you enjoy [of marriage] from them, give them their due compensation as an obligation. And there is no blame upon you for what you mutually agree to beyond the obligation. Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Wise (24).

You are also prohibited [under Islamic Shari’a [Jurisprudence] Law] to be in wedlock to [strange] women who are already married to men except to those who are separated or their husbands have died [without being pregnant] or those which your Right Hand Possesses [Malakat Yemeenukum in Arabic; with no oath rights]. This is what Allah [SWT] Has Ordained As A Ruling for Humankind.​​ 

Apart from the above, all other women are legitimate [under Islamic Shari’a Law] for marriage provided you seek honorable wedlock and present them​​ with [dowry] gifts from your wealth looking for purity, chastity and honor and​​ not sexual desire. Enjoying marriage with them give them their due [obligatory] dowry. However, if you mutually agree to change the dowry then there is no offence upon you. Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Forever Knowing and Wise.

وَمَن لَّمْ يَسْتَطِعْ مِنكُمْ طَوْلًا أَن يَنكِحَ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ فَمِن مَّا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُم مِّن فَتَيَاتِكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ​​ ۚ​​ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَانِكُم​​ ۚ​​ بَعْضُكُم مِّن بَعْضٍ​​ ۚ​​ فَانكِحُوهُنَّ بِإِذْنِ أَهْلِهِنَّ وَآتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ مُحْصَنَاتٍ غَيْرَ مُسَافِحَاتٍ وَلَا مُتَّخِذَاتِ أَخْدَانٍ​​ ۚ​​ فَإِذَا أُحْصِنَّ فَإِنْ أَتَيْنَ بِفَاحِشَةٍ فَعَلَيْهِنَّ نِصْفُ مَا عَلَى الْمُحْصَنَاتِ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ​​ ۚ​​ ذَٰلِكَ​​ لِمَنْ خَشِيَ الْعَنَتَ مِنكُمْ​​ ۚ​​ وَأَن تَصْبِرُوا خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ​​ ۗ​​ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ​​ (25).

And whoever among you cannot [find] the means to marry free, believing women, then [he may marry] from those whom your right hands possess of believing slave girls. And Allah is most knowing about your faith. You [believers] are of one another. So marry them with the permission of their people and give them their due compensation according to what is acceptable. [They should be] chaste, neither [of] those who commit unlawful intercourse randomly nor those who take [secret] lovers. But once they are sheltered in marriage, if they should commit adultery, then for them​​ is half the punishment for free [unmarried] women. This [allowance] is for him among you who​​ fears sin, but to be patient is better for you. And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful (25).

And whosoever does not have the means for wedding free female believers, then he may marry believing slave virgin girls using the Right Hand Possession [Malakat Yemeenukum in Arabic; with no oath rights] and Allah [SWT] Is The All Knowledgeable Of your Faith. You were begotten from each other and all humankind from Aadam [AS] [the first Prophet after Creation of the Heavens and Earth].

Thus wed the free female believers after giving them their due dowry and with the consent of their parents or guardians. These females should not be whores or bitches but rather chaste, nor should they be involved with unlawful sexual clandestine relationships with paramours. Once these chaste females are wedded and later perpetrate fornication, then they deserve half the punishment of the chaste free females. This [apposition] is for those who fear harm, hardship and falling into sin, however to practice self restraint is better for you.​​ And Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Forever Forgiving and Merciful.

يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُبَيِّنَ لَكُمْ وَيَهْدِيَكُمْ سُنَنَ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ وَيَتُوبَ عَلَيْكُمْ​​ ۗ​​ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ​​ (26).

Allah wants to make clear to you [the lawful from the​​ unlawful] and guide you to the [good] practices of those before you and to accept your repentance. And Allah is Knowing and Wise (26).

Allah [SWT] Wants to Elucidate to you [the Halal [Permissible] from the Haram [Prohibited]] and Guide you to the ways and​​ traditions of the people​​ before you And Accept your Repentance. And​​ Allah [SWT] Is The Knowledgeable and The Wise.

وَاللَّهُ يُرِيدُ أَن يَتُوبَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَيُرِيدُ الَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ الشَّهَوَاتِ أَن تَمِيلُوا مَيْلًا عَظِيمًا​​ (27).

Allah wants to​​ accept your repentance, but those who follow [their] passions want you to digress [into] a great deviation (27).

And Allah [SWT] Wishes To Accept your Repentance and for those who follow their desires and lusts in practicing Haram wish that you would be inclined greatly towards their way.

يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ أَن يُخَفِّفَ عَنكُمْ​​ ۚ​​ وَخُلِقَ الْإِنسَانُ ضَعِيفًا​​ (28).

And Allah wants to lighten for you [your difficulties]; and mankind was created weak (28).

Allah [SWT] Wishes To Alleviate [your troubles and​​ problems] and humankind was Created infirm and powerless.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوَالَكُم بَيْنَكُم بِالْبَاطِلِ إِلَّا أَن تَكُونَ تِجَارَةً عَن تَرَاضٍ مِّنكُمْ​​ ۚ​​ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَنفُسَكُمْ​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُمْ رَحِيمًا​​ (29).

O you who have believed, do not consume one another’s wealth unjustly but only [in lawful] business by mutual consent. And do​​ not kill yourselves [or one another]. Indeed, Allah is to you ever Merciful (29).

O you who believe, do not devour and exterminate each others wealth in an unjustifiable and prejudiced way except when the commercial, mercantile and financial transactions are performed legally and through reciprocate and collective agreements. Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Forever Merciful To you [His Creation].

وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَٰلِكَ عُدْوَانًا وَظُلْمًا فَسَوْفَ نُصْلِيهِ نَارًا​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرًا​​ (30).

And whoever does that in aggression and injustice – then We will drive him into a Fire. And that, for Allah, is [always]​​ easy (30). ​​  ​​ ​​​​ 

And whosoever commits this [sin as described in Ayah 29] with belligerence, inequality and unfairness, then Allah [SWT] Shall Cast him in the Hell Fire And that [action] Is Easy for Allah [SWT].

إِن تَجْتَنِبُوا كَبَائِرَ مَا تُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ نُكَفِّرْ عَنكُمْ سَيِّئَاتِكُمْ وَنُدْخِلْكُم مُّدْخَلًا كَرِيمًا (31).

If you avoid the major sins which you are forbidden, We will remove from you your lesser sins​​ and admit you to a noble entrance [into Paradise] (31).

If [and only if] the​​ believers avoid [committing] major sins*, We [SWT] Shall Atone from your misgivings and Enter you into a Gracious Entry.

*According to Abdullah Ibin Abbas [RAA]: Major Sins are any human actions that Allah [SWT] Has Stamped with Fire or Wrath or Curse or​​ Torment.

وَلَا تَتَمَنَّوْا مَا فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ بِهِ بَعْضَكُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ​​ ۚ​​ لِّلرِّجَالِ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا اكْتَسَبُوا​​ ۖ​​ وَلِلنِّسَاءِ نَصِيبٌ مِّمَّا اكْتَسَبْنَ​​ ۚ​​ وَاسْأَلُوا اللَّهَ مِن فَضْلِهِ​​ ۗ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمًا​​ (32).

And do not wish for that by which Allah has made some of you exceed others. For men is a share of what they have earned, and for women is a share of what they have earned. And ask Allah of his bounty. Indeed Allah is ever, of all things, Knowing (32).

And​​ do not yearn to possess What Allah [SWT] Has Graciously Preferred some of you over others. Males get a share from what they earned and females get a share from what they earned and ask Allah [SWT] From His Graciousness, Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Forever Knowledgeable Of All Things.

وَلِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مَوَالِيَ مِمَّا تَرَكَ الْوَالِدَانِ وَالْأَقْرَبُونَ​​ ۚ​​ وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ شَهِيدًا​​ (33).

And for all, We have made heirs to​​ what is left by parents and relatives. And to those whom your oaths have bound [to you] – give​​ them their share. Indeed Allah is ever, over all things, a Witness (33).

And to each We Have Made heirs and shares from what was left [in property] by parents and relatives. And to those whom your right hand has pledged give them their due portion. Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Forever Witness to all things.

Before Islam and in the time of ignorance, a male used to make a pledge to another male that they would inherit​​ each other in the event of the death of either. This practice was eradicated and overruled by the Revelation of Ayah 75 of Surat Al Anfal and Ayah 6 of Surat Al Ahzab where Allah [SWT] Says: “Those Migrants [from Makkah] and Ansar [Supporters from Medina]​​ Who Are Intermarried Through Different Womb Lineages and Pedigree Some Of Whom Have Priority In Inheritance…”

الرِّجَالُ قَوَّامُونَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ بِمَا فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ بَعْضَهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ وَبِمَا أَنفَقُوا مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ​​ ۚ​​ فَالصَّالِحَاتُ​​ قَانِتَاتٌ حَافِظَاتٌ لِّلْغَيْبِ بِمَا حَفِظَ اللَّهُ​​ ۚ​​ وَاللَّاتِي تَخَافُونَ نُشُوزَهُنَّ فَعِظُوهُنَّ وَاهْجُرُوهُنَّ فِي الْمَضَاجِعِ وَاضْرِبُوهُنَّ​​ ۖ​​ فَإِنْ أَطَعْنَكُمْ فَلَا تَبْغُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ سَبِيلًا​​ ۗ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيًّا كَبِيرًا​​ (34).

Men are in charge of women by [right of] what Allah has given one over the other and what they spend [for maintenance] from their wealth. So righteous women are devoutly obedient, guarding in [the husband’s] absence what Allah would have them guard. But those [wives] from whom you fear arrogance – [first] advise them; [then​​ if they persist], forsake them in bed; and [finally], strike them. But if they obey you [once more], seek no means against them. Indeed, Allah is ever Exalted and Grand (34).

Males​​ are the protectors and the maintainers of females since Allah [SWT] since Allah [SWT] Has Given one [the male] more [strength] over the other [female] and because the males maintain [the female livelihood] from their wealth. Thus the righteous females are​​ devoutly obedient [to Allah [SWT]] and conserve and honor What Allah [SWT] Has Commanded them to conserve and honor [in the absence of their husbands]. As for females whom you fear disloyalty and ill-conduct then admonish them first [if they do not relent]​​ then refuse sharing with them sleep on a common bed and hit them [lightly on their hands seeking reprimanding and castigation]. If they relent and return to obedience then do not endeavor to annoy them. Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Most High, Most Great.

وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ شِقَاقَ بَيْنِهِمَا فَابْعَثُوا حَكَمًا مِّنْ أَهْلِهِ وَحَكَمًا مِّنْ أَهْلِهَا إِن يُرِيدَا إِصْلَاحًا يُوَفِّقِ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُمَا​​ ۗ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا خَبِيرًا​​ (35).

And if you fear dissension between the two, send an​​ arbitrator from his people and an arbitrator from her people. If they both desire reconciliation, Allah will cause it between them. Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Acquainted [with all things] (35).

And if and when you fear an aggravation of the dispute​​ between them [the husband and wife] then appoint an arbiter from his family and another from hers. These arbiters have to be capable in mind, religion and fairness as Allah [SWT] Commands. Allah [SWT] Also Commands that the arbiters be related to the husband and wife since they are knowing of their circumstances, privy to their personal matters and taking care that they reach​​ a resolution of the dispute between both. The above helps expose the abuser in which case the arbiters ask for financial reparations​​ for the abused. If both husband and wife want to appease and make up, then Allah [SWT] Will Help the arbiters to reconcile between both parties. Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Forever The Knowledgeable And The Expert.

وَاعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا​​ ۖ​​ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا وَبِذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْيَتَامَىٰ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْجَارِ ذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْجَارِ الْجُنُبِ وَالصَّاحِبِ بِالْجَنبِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ​​ ۗ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ مَن كَانَ​​ مُخْتَالًا فَخُورًا​​ (36).

Worship Allah and associate nothing with Him, and to parents do good, and to relatives, orphans, the needy, the near neighbor, the neighbor farther away, the companion at your side, the traveler, and those whom your right hands possess. Indeed, Allah does not like those who are self-deluding and boastful (36).

Submit To And Worship Allah [SWT] and do not partner with Him [SWT] anything and be kind and beneficent to your parents as well as to your blood relatives, orphans and the needy [the exegesis of these terms were previously covered in Ayah 177 of Surat Al Baqarah]. Further terms used in this current Ayah are: an adjacent neighbor who is a stranger [and could be either a Jew or a Christian]; a further distance neighbor [whose rights diminish with distance from your home]; a travelling companion; a wayfarer [you meet] and male and female slaves owned by masters [with​​ Right Hand Possession [Malakat Yemeenukum in Arabic] with no oath rights]. Verily, Allah [SWT] Does Not Love the arrogant, the vainglorious.

الَّذِينَ يَبْخَلُونَ وَيَأْمُرُونَ النَّاسَ بِالْبُخْلِ وَيَكْتُمُونَ مَا آتَاهُمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ​​ ۗ​​ وَأَعْتَدْنَا لِلْكَافِرِينَ عَذَابًا مُّهِينًا​​ (37).

Who are stingy and enjoin upon [other] people stinginess and​​ conceal what Allah has given them of His bounty – and We have prepared for the disbelievers a humiliating punishment – (37).

Those who are miserly or enjoin niggardliness on others and hide or withhold what Allah [SWT] Has Bestowed Upon them From His Grace and We Have Prepared for the blasphemous a despicable and contemptable torment.

وَالَّذِينَ يُنفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ رِئَاءَ النَّاسِ وَلَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلَا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ​​ ۗ​​ وَمَن يَكُنِ الشَّيْطَانُ لَهُ قَرِينًا فَسَاءَ قَرِينًا​​ (38).

And [also] those who spend of their wealth to be seen by the people and believe not in Allah nor in the Last Day. And he to whom Satan is a companion – then evil is he as a companion (38).​​ 

As for those who spend their wealth in deception of people with​​ themselves with no belief in Allah [SWT] or in the Last Day and whosoever has the Shaytan [Satan] as his partner and associate, then what a dreadful companionship this is.

وَمَاذَا عَلَيْهِمْ لَوْ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَأَنفَقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقَهُمُ اللَّهُ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ بِهِمْ عَلِيمًا​​ (39).

And what [harm would come] upon them if they believed in Allah and the Last Day and spent out of what Allah provided for them? And Allah is ever, about them, Knowing (39).

And for these deceitful​​ people mentioned in Ayah 38, what would burden them if they were to Believe in Allah [SWT] and the Last Day and expend from the wealth that Allah [SWT] Has Sustained them with? And Allah [SWT] Is [Fully] Aware of them.

إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَظْلِمُ​​ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ​​ ۖ​​ وَإِن تَكُ حَسَنَةً يُضَاعِفْهَا وَيُؤْتِ مِن لَّدُنْهُ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا​​ (40).

Indeed, Allah does not do injustice, [even] as much as an atom’s weight; while if there is a good deed, He multiplies it and gives from Himself a great​​ reward​​ ​​ (40).

Verily, Allah [SWT] Does Not Oppress [His Creation] Not One Single Iota and if this iota is a good deed then Allah [SWT] Shall Multiply it and Shall Bestow From His Majesty a Great Reward.

فَكَيْفَ إِذَا جِئْنَا مِن كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ بِشَهِيدٍ وَجِئْنَا بِكَ عَلَىٰ هَٰؤُلَاءِ شَهِيدًا​​ (41).

So how [will it be] when We bring from every nation a witness and​​ we bring you, [O Muhammad] against these [people] as a witness?

And how would it then be that if We [SWT] Brought from every nation a witness​​ [whom the Prophet [SAAS] invited to the Submission to Allah [SWT] and hence Brought you O Muhammad as a witness testifying on those infidels and blasphemous from your folk, people and nation.

يَوْمَئِذٍ يَوَدُّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَعَصَوُا الرَّسُولَ لَوْ​​ تُسَوَّىٰ بِهِمُ الْأَرْضُ وَلَا يَكْتُمُونَ اللَّهَ حَدِيثًا​​ (42).

That Day, those who disbelieved and disobeyed the Messenger will wish they could be covered by the earth. And they will not conceal from Allah a [single] statement (42).

On that Day [of Reckoning] those who oppressed, blasphemed and went astray from the Messenger [SAAS] and his teachings would wish they be buried inside the ground while not being able to hide – from Allah [SWT] – any secrets, speech or utterance. Ayah 40 in Surat An-Naba’​​ [the last Surah in the Qur’an] is another Ayah where the oppressor wishes if he was a handful of dust.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَقْرَبُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَأَنتُمْ سُكَارَىٰ حَتَّىٰ تَعْلَمُوا مَا تَقُولُونَ وَلَا جُنُبًا إِلَّا عَابِرِي سَبِيلٍ​​ حَتَّىٰ تَغْتَسِلُوا​​ ۚ​​ وَإِن كُنتُم مَّرْضَىٰ أَوْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍ أَوْ جَاءَ أَحَدٌ مِّنكُم مِّنَ الْغَائِطِ أَوْ لَامَسْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَلَمْ تَجِدُوا مَاءً فَتَيَمَّمُوا صَعِيدًا طَيِّبًا فَامْسَحُوا بِوُجُوهِكُمْ وَأَيْدِيكُمْ​​ ۗ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَفُوًّا غَفُورًا​​ (43).

O you who have believed, do not approach prayer while you are intoxicated until you know what you are saying or in a state of janabah, except those passing through [a place of prayer], until you have washed [your whole body]. And if you​​ are ill or on a journey or one of you comes from the place of relieving himself or you have contacted women and find no water, then seek clean earth and wipe over your faces and your hands [with it]. Indeed, Allah is ever Pardoning and Forgiving (43).

O you who believe do not enter into prayers when you are drunken and have a befogged mind until you know what you are uttering or in a state of body impurity [due to the ejaculation of semen; janabah in Arabic] except when travelling through a Masjid [in which case perform salat in passing] until you have washed and cleansed your whole body. In case you are ill or on a journey or expelling excrement [from the body] or you have touched women [with the intention of sexual intercourse] and you could not find water [to wash up and cleanse for wudhu] then search for a patch of earth having clean soil and hit that place with your hands twice and wipe your face and both your hands and arms to the elbows. [This action is known as Tayamum practiced by the Prophet [SAAS]], Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Forever Pardoning, [and] Forgiving.

أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا نَصِيبًا مِّنَ الْكِتَابِ يَشْتَرُونَ الضَّلَالَةَ وَيُرِيدُونَ أَن تَضِلُّوا السَّبِيلَ​​ (44).

Have you not seen those who were given a portion of the​​ Scripture, purchasing error [in exchange for it] and wishing you would lose the way? (44).

Have you Prophet Muhammad [SAAS] not observed those Jews who received part of the Tawra and purchased aberrance [through it] thus desiring the Muslim believers to lose their [righteous] path.​​ 

وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِأَعْدَائِكُمْ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ وَلِيًّا وَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ نَصِيرًا​​ (45).

And Allah is most knowing of your enemies; and sufficient is Allah as an ally, and sufficient is Allah as a helper (45).

And​​ Allah [SWT] Is The Ultimate Knowledgeable Deity Who Is Aware of your enemies. And Allah [SWT] Is Sufficient As A Protector And Is Adequate As A Supporter.

مِّنَ الَّذِينَ هَادُوا يُحَرِّفُونَ الْكَلِمَ عَن مَّوَاضِعِهِ وَيَقُولُونَ سَمِعْنَا وَعَصَيْنَا وَاسْمَعْ غَيْرَ مُسْمَعٍ وَرَاعِنَا لَيًّا بِأَلْسِنَتِهِمْ وَطَعْنًا فِي الدِّينِ​​ ۚ​​ وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا وَاسْمَعْ وَانظُرْنَا لَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَّهُمْ وَأَقْوَمَ وَلَٰكِن لَّعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِكُفْرِهِمْ فَلَا يُؤْمِنُونَ إِلَّا​​ قَلِيلًا​​ (46).

Among the Jews are those who distort words from their [proper] usages and say, “We hear and disobey” and “Hear but be not heard” and “Ra’ina,” twisting their tongues and defaming the religion. And if they had said [instead], “We hear and​​ obey” and “Wait for us [to understand],” it would have been better for them and more suitable.​​ But Allah has cursed them for their disbelief, so they believe not, except for a few (46).

There are Jews who distort the words of Allah [SWT] as revealed in the​​ Tawra relating to the description of the Messenger [SAAS] and say: “we have heard what you said and disobeyed” [when the Prophet [SAAS] commanded them something], and they also say: “hear but not be heard” and “ra’ina” with a twist in their tongues thus slandering Islam. Had they said instead “we hear and obey and give us time to comprehend, it would have been better and more amicable for them. However, Allah [SWT] Has Cursed them for their blasphemy and thus only a few of them are believers.

يَا أَيُّهَا​​ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ آمِنُوا بِمَا نَزَّلْنَا مُصَدِّقًا لِّمَا مَعَكُم مِّن قَبْلِ أَن نَّطْمِسَ وُجُوهًا فَنَرُدَّهَا عَلَىٰ أَدْبَارِهَا أَوْ نَلْعَنَهُمْ كَمَا لَعَنَّا أَصْحَابَ السَّبْتِ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ مَفْعُولًا(47).

O you who were given the Scripture, believe in what We have sent down [to Muhammad], confirming that which is with you, before We obliterate faces and turn them toward their backs or curse them as We cursed the sabbath-breakers. And ever is the decree of Allah accomplished (47).

O you people of the Tawra, believe in what we have Revealed [in the Quran to] Muhammad [SAAS] confirming what was previously brought down in the Tawra [regarding the Prophecy of Muhammad [SAAS]] before We [SWT] Annihilate and Wipe Out Faces or Turn Them Backwards, or Curse Them​​ As We [SWT] Have Cursed Those Jews Who Have Wrecked and Subverted The Sabbath, And The Command Of Allah [SWT] Shall Be Carried Out.

إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَغْفِرُ أَن يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَن يَشَاءُ​​ ۚ​​ وَمَن يُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ فَقَدِ افْتَرَىٰ إِثْمًا عَظِيمًا​​ (48).

Indeed, Allah does not forgive association with Him, but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills. And he who associates others with Allah has certainly fabricated a tremendous sin (48).

Allah [SWT] Does Not Forgive [worshipers] who associate partners with Him [SWT]. However, He [SWT] Forgives Any Lesser Sin To Whom He [SWT] Wishes And Whosoever Associates A Partner With Him [SWT] Would Have Defamed And Slandered Against Allah [SWT] And Thus Committed A Great Sin.

أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يُزَكُّونَ​​ أَنفُسَهُم​​ ۚ​​ بَلِ اللَّهُ يُزَكِّي مَن يَشَاءُ وَلَا يُظْلَمُونَ فَتِيلًا​​ (49).

Have you not seen those who claim themselves to be pure? Rather, Allah purifies whom He wills, and​​ injustice is not done to them, [even] as much as a thread [inside a date seed] (49).

O Muhammad [SAAS] did you not envisage those who cleanse and commend themselves [who were the Jews and Christians claiming that they were the virtuous beloved children of​​ Allah [SWT]]. However, Allah [SWT] Is The One Who Cleanses And Commends whoever He [SWT] Wishes and​​ those Shall Not Undergo A Filament or Thread of Injustice [from Allah [SWT]].

انظُرْ كَيْفَ يَفْتَرُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ​​ ۖ​​ وَكَفَىٰ بِهِ إِثْمًا مُّبِينًا​​ (50).

Look how they invent about Allah untruth, and sufficient is that as a manifest sin (50).

O Muhammad [SAAS] observe how the people of the Book are defaming, slandering and slurring Allah [SWT] and this is a definite and adequate manifestation​​ of [great] sinning.

أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا نَصِيبًا مِّنَ الْكِتَابِ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْجِبْتِ وَالطَّاغُوتِ وَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا هَٰؤُلَاءِ أَهْدَىٰ مِنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا سَبِيلًا​​ (51).

Have you not seen those who were given a portion of the Scripture, who believe in superstition and false objects of worship and say about the disbelievers, “These are better guided than the believers as to the way”?​​ (51).

Have you Prophet Muhammad [SAAS] not observed those Jewish Cohens who received​​ part of the Tawra believing in Al Jibt [magic] and Al Taghout [juggernaut] as well as the idols of the Quraish tribes].​​ 

This Ayah was Revealed when Ka’b ibn al-Ashraf and some of the Jewish scholars who arrived to Makkah and saw the dead of the Battle of​​ Badr,​​ incited the polytheists Abi Sufyan and his associates to take their revenge and fight against the Prophet [SAAS].

أُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ​​ ۖ​​ وَمَن يَلْعَنِ اللَّهُ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُ نَصِيرًا​​ (52).

Those are the ones whom Allah has cursed; and he whom Allah curses – never will you find for him a helper (52).​​ 

For those Jews and Makkan polytheists, Allah [SWT] Shall Curse them, and whoever Is Cursed By Allah [SWT] shall never have a proponent and/or supporter.

أَمْ لَهُمْ نَصِيبٌ مِّنَ​​ الْمُلْكِ فَإِذًا لَّا يُؤْتُونَ النَّاسَ نَقِيرًا​​ (53).

Or have they a share of dominion? Then [if that were so], they would not give the people [even as much as] the speck on a date seed (53).

Or do they possess a portion of the Supremacy, Sovereignty​​ and Dominion of Allah [SWT]? If so, then they would not give away to people [not even] a membrane of the date palm’s kernel [because of their miserliness and niggardliness].

أَمْ يَحْسُدُونَ النَّاسَ عَلَىٰ مَا آتَاهُمُ اللَّهُ مِن فَضْلِهِ​​ ۖ​​ فَقَدْ آتَيْنَا آلَ 

إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَآتَيْنَاهُم مُّلْكًا عَظِيمً​​ (54).

Or do they envy people for what Allah has given them of His bounty? But we had already given the family of Abraham the Scripture and wisdom and conferred upon them a great​​ kingdom (54).

​​  ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​  ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 

Or do they envy [with jealousy] humankind for what Allah [SWT] Has Bestowed Upon them From His Bounties. However, We [SWT] Had Previously Bestowed Upon the Lineage of Prophet Ibraheem [AS] the Book and Wisdom and Granted​​ His Progeny a great kingdom.​​ 

Examples are Prophets Dawood [AS] and his son Sulaiman [AS]. Dawood [AS] married ninety nine women while Sulaiman [AS] married one thousand.

This Ayah was revealed in relation to the Jews who envied the Prophet Muhammad [SAAS]​​ For What Allah [SWT] Has Permitted for him, in marrying nine wives. The Jews slandered the Messenger [SAAS] for this Permission and said that he [SAAS] had no preoccupation other than women and marrying them.

فَمِنْهُم مَّنْ آمَنَ بِهِ وَمِنْهُم مَّن صَدَّ عَنْهُ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَفَىٰ بِجَهَنَّمَ سَعِيرًا​​ (55).

And some among them believed in it, and some among them were averse to it. And sufficient is Hell as a blaze (55).

While some of the Jews believed in the Prophet of Islam [SAAS] others turned their backs in​​ refusal of his Message [SAAS]. And enough is the Abyss Fire as an Inferno [for the disbelieving Jews].

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِنَا سَوْفَ نُصْلِيهِمْ نَارًا كُلَّمَا نَضِجَتْ جُلُودُهُم بَدَّلْنَاهُمْ جُلُودًا غَيْرَهَا لِيَذُوقُوا الْعَذَابَ​​ ۗ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَزِيزًا حَكِيمًا​​ (56).

Indeed, those who disbelieve in Our verses – We will drive them into a Fire. Every time their skins are roasted through We will replace them with other skins so they may taste the punishment. Indeed, Allah is ever Exalted in Might and Wise (56).

For those who blasphemed in Our [Qur’anic] Ayat, We [SWT] Shall Commit them to a Hell Fire each time their skins are broiled [due to the heat], Allah [SWT] Shall Renew their skins with other skin [cover] so that they taste​​ the Torment [of Allah [SWT]]. Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Forever Mighty [and] Wise.

وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ سَنُدْخِلُهُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا​​ ۖ​​ لَّهُمْ فِيهَا أَزْوَاجٌ مُّطَهَّرَةٌ​​ ۖ​​ وَنُدْخِلُهُمْ ظِلًّا ظَلِيلًا​​ (57).

But those who believe and do righteous deeds – We will admit them to gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they abide forever. For them therein are purified spouses, and We will admit them to deepening shade (57).

And for those who believe [in Allah [SWT]] and do good deeds, then We [SWT] Shall Enter them into Jannat​​ Under which Rivers Flow living eternally there. [In these Jannat] They Shall Be Granted Partners and We [SWT] Shall Enter them into Enriched Shadows [as a sign of the Contentment of Allah [SWT] for the Jannat Dwellers].

إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَن تُؤَدُّوا الْأَمَانَاتِ إِلَىٰ أَهْلِهَا وَإِذَا حَكَمْتُم بَيْنَ النَّاسِ أَن تَحْكُمُوا بِالْعَدْلِ​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ نِعِمَّا يَعِظُكُم بِهِ​​ ۗ​​ إِنَّ​​ اللَّهَ كَانَ سَمِيعًا بَصِيرًا​​ (58).

Indeed, Allah commands you to render trusts to whom they are due and when you judge between people to judge with justice. Excellent is that which Allah instructs you. Indeed, Allah is ever Hearing and Seeing (58).​​ 

Verily, Allah [SWT] Orders And Enjoins you to return your consigned trusts to those whom they belong to, and when you make judgments between people you should be fair and just [in your verdict]. Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Blessed With What He [SWT] Preaches to you. Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Forever Listening [and] Observant.

Being Just and Fair is the primary task of the deliberating judge. In Islam the following Primary Sources are used in legal trials and judgments:​​ the Glorious Qur’an and Honorable Prophetic​​ Sunnah. Other sources are Islamic​​ Islamic Shari’a [Jurisprudence] Law, Enjoining Kindness [the right] and Forbidding Vice [the wrong].

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنكُمْ​​ ۖ​​ فَإِن تَنَازَعْتُمْ​​ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ إِن كُنتُمْ تُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ​​ ۚ​​ ذَٰلِكَ خَيْرٌ وَأَحْسَنُ تَأْوِيلًا​​ (59).

O you who have believed, obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you. And if you disagree over anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger, if you should believe in Allah and the Last Day. That is the best [way] and best in result (59).

O you who believe Obey Allah [SWT] and obey the Messenger [SAAS] and those in legal and​​ administrative authority [submitting to their authorities as Given in the Glorious Qur’an and Honorable Prophetic Sunnah]. And if you run into disputes [with each other] regarding specific issues, then revert back to the Two Main Sources of Islam: The Glorious Qur’an and the Honorable Prophetic Sunnah, if you believe in Allah [SWT] And The Last Day. This – in fact – is the best and most suitable for final interpretation.

أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا بِمَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا​​ أُنزِلَ مِن قَبْلِكَ يُرِيدُونَ أَن يَتَحَاكَمُوا إِلَى الطَّاغُوتِ وَقَدْ أُمِرُوا أَن يَكْفُرُوا بِهِ وَيُرِيدُ الشَّيْطَانُ أَن يُضِلَّهُمْ ضَلَالًا بَعِيدًا​​ (60).

Have you not seen those who claim to have believed in what was revealed to you, [O Muhammad], and what was revealed before you? They wish to refer legislation to Taghut, while they were commanded to reject it; and Satan wishes to lead them far astray (60).

Have you Prophet Muhammad [SAAS] not observed those Jews and Hypocrites who allege with false pretense that they believed in the Revealed Qur’an as well as previous Revelations? They would prefer to get the judgement of Al Taghout [juggernaut] while they were Ordered by Allah [SWT] to disbelieve in it and Shaytan wants them to be in a state of aberrance from the real and absolute truth.

Al Shawkani Exegesis – Al ​​ Nisa’ Ayah 61 ​​ to Ayah 120

وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ تَعَالَوْا إِلَىٰ مَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ وَإِلَى الرَّسُولِ رَأَيْتَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يَصُدُّونَ عَنكَ صُدُودًا​​ (61).

And​​ when it is said to them, “Come to what Allah has revealed and to the Messenger,” you see the hypocrites turning away from you in aversion (61).

This speech is directed towards the hypocrites living in Al Medina whom the Prophet [SAAS] knew. And so when it​​ is said to these hypocrites come to the Revelation Descended By Allah [SWT] Unto the Prophet and Messenger of Islam Muhammad [SAAS] [as given in the Glorious Qur’an], you [Muhammad [SAAS]] see these hypocrites repel and repulse you in revulsion and repugnance.

فَكَيْفَ إِذَا أَصَابَتْهُم مُّصِيبَةٌ بِمَا قَدَّمَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ ثُمَّ جَاءُوكَ يَحْلِفُونَ بِاللَّهِ إِنْ أَرَدْنَا إِلَّا إِحْسَانًا وَتَوْفِيقًا​​ (62).

So how [will it be] when disaster strikes them because of what their hands have put forth and​​ then they come to you swearing by Allah, “We intended nothing but good conduct and accommodation.” ​​​​ (62).

And so if a calamity befell them because of the wrong doing by their own hands they [the hypocrites] come to you O Muhammad [SAAS] Making An Oath To​​ Allah [SWT] that: ”We intended and meant nothing but beneficence and good will”.

أُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ يَعْلَمُ اللَّهُ مَا فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ فَأَعْرِضْ عَنْهُمْ وَعِظْهُمْ وَقُل لَّهُمْ فِي أَنفُسِهِمْ قَوْلًا بَلِيغًا(63).

Those are the ones of whom​​ Allah knows what is in their hearts,​​ so turn away​​ from them but admonish them and speak to them a far-reaching word (63).

Those hypocrites are the ones Whom Allah [SWT] Is Aware Of and whom He [SWT] Has Identified what is in their hearts, thus turn away from them O Muhammad [SAAS] and forewarn them [privately] and give them “a stern warning” aimed at reaching their very souls.

وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِن رَّسُولٍ إِلَّا لِيُطَاعَ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ​​ ۚ​​ وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ إِذ ظَّلَمُوا أَنفُسَهُمْ جَاءُوكَ​​ فَاسْتَغْفَرُوا اللَّهَ وَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُمُ الرَّسُولُ لَوَجَدُوا اللَّهَ تَوَّابًا رَّحِيمًا​​ (64).

And We did not send any messenger except to be obeyed by permission of Allah ​​ And if, when they wronged themselves, they had come to you, [O Muhammad], and​​ asked forgiveness of Allah and the Messenger had asked forgiveness for them, they would have found Allah Accepting of repentance and Merciful.

And We Did Not Send a Messenger except to be Obeyed In Compliance with the Will Of Allah [SWT]. If they [the hypocrites] when they were unjust and intransigent to themselves came to you [O Muhammad] and asked for the Forgiveness of Allah [SWT] and the Messenger [SAAS] Asked Allah [SWT] For His Forgiveness, they would have found Allah [SWT] Oft Repenting and Merciful.

فَلَا وَرَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّىٰ يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لَا يَجِدُوا فِي أَنفُسِهِمْ حَرَجًا مِّمَّا قَضَيْتَ وَيُسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا​​ (65).

But no, by your Lord, they will not [truly] believe until they make you, [O​​ Muhammad], judge concerning that over which they dispute among themselves and then find within themselves no​​ discomfort from what you have judged and submit in [full, willing] submission (65).

But “No”, by Your Lord [O Muhammad] they [the hypocrites] shall​​ not have real faith until they make you [O Muhammad] an arbitrator to judge their disputes and find in their souls no resistance against your judgement.

وَلَوْ أَنَّا كَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَنِ اقْتُلُوا أَنفُسَكُمْ أَوِ اخْرُجُوا مِن دِيَارِكُم مَّا​​ فَعَلُوهُ إِلَّا قَلِيلٌ مِّنْهُمْ​​ ۖ​​ وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ فَعَلُوا مَا يُوعَظُونَ بِهِ لَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَّهُمْ وَأَشَدَّ تَثْبِيتًا​​ (66).

And if We had decreed upon them, “Kill yourselves” or “Leave your homes,” they would not have done it, except for a few of​​ them. But if they had done what they were instructed, it would have been better for them and a firmer position [for them in faith] (66).

And If We Had Ordered them [the believers] to sacrifice their lives [by killing themselves] or forsake their homes [by​​ deserting their dwellings], very few of them would have done it. And had they acted upon what they were advised [regarding following the Qur’an and Islamic Jurisprudence as well as obeying the Prophetic Sunnah], it would have been better for them and intensely stabilizing [for their belief].

When this Ayah was Revealed, the Prophet [SAAS] said: “There are men in my Ummah with faith in their hearts firmer than the anchored mountains”. ​​ 

وَإِذًا لَّآتَيْنَاهُم مِّن لَّدُنَّا أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا​​ (67) ​​​​  ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 

And​​ then We would have given them from Us a great reward (67).

And so for those believers who do what they’re told, We [SWT] Would Bestow Upon them a Majestic and Sublime Reward.

وَلَهَدَيْنَاهُمْ صِرَاطًا مُّسْتَقِيمًا​​ (68)

​​ And We would have guided them to​​ a straight path (68).

This Ayah was Revealed when some of the Sahabah [RAA] [Companions of the Prophet [SAAS]] complained to him saying: “How will we be able to see you in Jannah when you occupy the upper echelons and we are at a lower grade”?

وَمَن يُطِعِ اللَّهَ وَالرَّسُولَ فَأُولَٰئِكَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِم مِّنَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَالصِّدِّيقِينَ وَالشُّهَدَاءِ وَالصَّالِحِينَ​​ ۚ​​ وَحَسُنَ أُولَٰئِكَ رَفِيقًا​​ (69).

And whoever obeys Allah and the Messenger – those will be with the ones​​ upon whom Allah has bestowed favor of the prophets, the steadfast affirmers of truth, the martyrs and the righteous. And excellent are those as companions (69).

And whosoever obeys Allah [SWT] and the Messenger [SAAS] shall be in the company of those whom​​ Allah [SWT] Has Bestowed His Grace Upon the Prophets, the Sincere Upholders of the Truth, the Martyrs and the Righteous – and what a perfect friendship.

According to Umm Al Mu’mineen Aisha [RAA] [the Mother of the Believers in Arabic and the last wife of the Prophet Muhammad [SAAS]]: A man came to​​ the Prophet [SAAS] and Said:“You are the most beloved to me than myself and my son and when I sit home I remember you. I can’t wait to come and look at you, and when my death and your death are mentioned, I know that when you enter Jannah you will be elevated amongst the Prophets. Whereas I, if I go to Jannah I would risk not seeing you”. The Prophet [SAAS] did not reply until Jibreel [AS] came down with this same Ayah.

ذَٰلِكَ الْفَضْلُ مِنَ اللَّهِ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ عَلِيمًا​​ (70).

That is the bounty from Allah , and sufficient is Allah as Knower (70).

That is The Grace Of Allah [SWT] and Adequate Is Allah [SWT]’s Knowledge and Awareness [of His Creation, SWT].

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا خُذُوا حِذْرَكُمْ​​ فَانفِرُوا ثُبَاتٍ أَوِ انفِرُوا جَمِيعًا​​ (71).

O you who have believed, take your precaution and [either] go forth in companies or go forth all together (71).

O you who believe be cautious and vigilant [of your enemy] thus watch out for them and raid them​​ in fighting groups or as complete campaigns.

وَإِنَّ مِنكُمْ لَمَن لَّيُبَطِّئَنَّ فَإِنْ أَصَابَتْكُم مُّصِيبَةٌ قَالَ قَدْ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيَّ إِذْ لَمْ أَكُن مَّعَهُمْ شهِيدًا​​ (72).

And indeed, there is among you he who lingers behind; and if​​ disaster strikes you, he says, ” Allah has favored me in that I was not present with them.” (72).

Verily there are amongst you [expressing the hypocrites at the time of the Message of Muhammad [SAAS] in Medina] who slow down [lingering and loitering] in their fighting group aimed at keeping themselves away from the major war effort and campaigns of the Messenger [SAAS] and his Companions. And when a calamity befalls the hypocrites, any one of them would say, Allah [SWT] Has Blessed me and Kept me away from​​ being martyred with them [the Companions of the Prophet [SAAS]].​​ 

This Ayah was Revealed to describe the feelings of the leader of the hypocrites Abdullah Ibn Obai and his companions in Medina.

وَلَئِنْ أَصَابَكُمْ فَضْلٌ مِّنَ اللَّهِ لَيَقُولَنَّ كَأَن​​ لَّمْ تَكُن بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ مَوَدَّةٌ يَا لَيْتَنِي كُنتُ مَعَهُمْ فَأَفُوزَ فَوْزًا عَظِيمًا​​ (73).

But if bounty comes to you from Allah , he will surely say, as if there had never been between you and him any affection. “Oh, I wish I had been with​​ them so I could have attained a great attainment. “ (73).

And when the Grace of Allah [SWT] Comes Down [in the form of Bounties or Conquests] the hypocrites reaction is envious and regretful saying: “Why did you not include me in your bounties or conquests?” and further saying: “As if I don’t regard and admire you or support you.” And so he said “I wish I was amongst them to be successful and attain triumph.​​ 

فَلْيُقَاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ الَّذِينَ يَشْرُونَ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا بِالْآخِرَةِ​​ ۚ​​ وَمَن يُقَاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَيُقْتَلْ أَوْ يَغْلِبْ فَسَوْفَ نُؤْتِيهِ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا​​ (74).​​ ​​ ​​ 

So let those fight in the cause of Allah who sell the life of this world for the Hereafter. And he who fights in the cause of Allah and is killed or achieves​​ victory – We will bestow upon him a great reward (74).

This Ayah is A Promise From Allah [SWT] To Fight in the Path Of Allah [SWT] With Sincere Intentions [the true believers and not the hypocrites], who exchange this Worldly lifetime with the Hereafter.​​ Those shall get a great reward. This is corroborated by the Hadeeth of the Prophet [SAAS]: “Whoever fights in the Way of Allah [SWT] To Keep His Word Supreme, Shall Be In The Cause of Allah [SWT]”. The Prophet [SAAS] also said whoever is killed in defense​​ of his family or his money [or property] or his blood shall be considered a martyr.

وَمَا لَكُمْ لَا تُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَالْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَاءِ وَالْوِلْدَانِ الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا أَخْرِجْنَا مِنْ هَٰذِهِ الْقَرْيَةِ الظَّالِمِ أَهْلُهَا وَاجْعَل لَّنَا مِن لَّدُنكَ وَلِيًّا وَاجْعَل لَّنَا مِن لَّدُنكَ نَصِيرًا​​ (75).

And what is [the matter] with you that you fight not in the cause of Allah and [for] the oppressed among men, women, and children​​ who say,​​ “Our Lord, take us out of this city of oppressive people and appoint for us from Yourself a protector and appoint for us from Yourself a helper?”​​ (75).

And why should you [believers] not fight in The Cause Of Allah [SWT] while those weak and oppressed from​​ males, females and children who Beseech Allah [SWT] and who say:” O Lord [SWT] Rescue us from this city whose people are oppressors and Grant us From Yourself a Guardian and Grant us From Yourself a Custodian [a Supporter]”.

This Ayah was Revealed in describing the believers who were under the oppression of the Makkan Pagans during the time of the Message of the Prophet [SAAS] and who were searching for and unable to move to another safer town or location outside Makkah. For this The Messenger [SAAS] made​​ Du’a [Supplication] for the oppressed from the males, females and children: saying ”AllaHummah [O Lord] Save Al Waleed Bin Al Waleed and Salamah Bin Hisham and Ayyash Bin Rabi’a [and their families, kin and friends].

الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا يُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ​​ ۖ​​ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ الطَّاغُوتِ فَقَاتِلُوا أَوْلِيَاءَ الشَّيْطَانِ​​ ۖ​​ إِنَّ كَيْدَ الشَّيْطَانِ كَانَ ضَعِيفًا​​ (76).

Those who believe fight in the cause of Allah , and those who disbelieve fight in the cause of Taghut. So fight against the allies of Satan. Indeed, the plot of Satan has ever been weak ​​ (76).

Those who believe [in Allah [SWT] and the Messenger [SAAS]] fight in the Path and Cause of Allah [SWT] and those who disbelieve would prefer to fight for Al​​ Taghout [juggernaut]. Thus [O believers] combat Shaytan and his​​ Supporters and Protagonists since their machination and conspiracy are feeble and fragile.

​​ أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ قِيلَ لَهُمْ كُفُّوا أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتَالُ إِذَا فَرِيقٌ مِّنْهُمْ يَخْشَوْنَ النَّاسَ كَخَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ أَوْ أَشَدَّ خَشْيَةً​​ ۚ​​ وَقَالُوا رَبَّنَا لِمَ كَتَبْتَ عَلَيْنَا الْقِتَالَ لَوْلَا أَخَّرْتَنَا إِلَىٰ أَجَلٍ قَرِيبٍ​​ ۗ​​ قُلْ مَتَاعُ الدُّنْيَا قَلِيلٌ وَالْآخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لِّمَنِ اتَّقَىٰ وَلَا تُظْلَمُونَ فَتِيلًا​​ (77).

Have you not seen those who were told, “Restrain your hands [from fighting] and establish prayer and give zakah”? But then when fighting was ordained for them, at once a party of them feared men as they fear Allah or with [even] greater fear. They said, “Our Lord, why have You decreed upon us fighting? If only You had postponed [it for] us for a short time.” Say, The enjoyment of this world is little, and the Hereafter is better for​​ he who fears Allah. And injustice will not be done to you, [even] as much as a thread [inside a date seed] “(77).

Have you O Muhammad [SAAS] not observed those who were told to refrain from fighting and establish regular Salat [daily prayer] and paying out​​ regular yearly Zakat [alms] and so when fighting was imposed on them a group of them [who were hypocrites but later entered Islam] displayed fear from normal people As Much As Fearing Allah [SWT] or Even More Intense Fear,​​ saying: “Why O Lord Have You Written Combat upon us? If You [SWT] Had Only Given us Reprieve Time and Deferment [from combat] for a short while. Say: O Muhammad [SAAS] “The pleasures of this Worldly lifetime are ephemeral, however the rewards in the Hereafter are much better for those who Fear Allah [SWT] And Are Conscience Of Him [SWT] and you Shall Not Undergo A Filament or Thread [of date seed] of Injustice [from Allah [SWT]].​​ 

This Ayah is similar to the Ayat Revealed in Surat Muhammad [Juzu’ 26] about the hypocrites who had “diseased” hearts and who were escaping the calls for combat [see: Ayat 20-30 from Surat Muhammad].​​ 

أَيْنَمَا تَكُونُوا يُدْرِككُّمُ الْمَوْتُ وَلَوْ كُنتُمْ فِي بُرُوجٍ مُّشَيَّدَةٍ​​ ۗ​​ وَإِن تُصِبْهُمْ حَسَنَةٌ يَقُولُوا هَٰذِهِ مِنْ عِندِ اللَّهِ​​ ۖ​​ وَإِن​​ تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ يَقُولُوا هَٰذِهِ مِنْ عِندِكَ​​ ۚ​​ قُلْ كُلٌّ مِّنْ عِندِ اللَّهِ​​ ۖ​​ فَمَالِ هَٰؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمِ لَا يَكَادُونَ يَفْقَهُونَ حَدِيثًا​​ (78).

Wherever you may be, death will overtake you, even if you should be within towers of lofty​​ construction. But if good comes to them, they say, “This is from Allah “; and if evil befalls them, they say, “This is from you.” Say, “All [things] are from Allah .” So what is [the matter] with those people that they can hardly understand any statement?​​ (78).

Wherever you happen to be, death shall catch up with you despite you’re hiding in towering castles. This part of the Ayah is an inducement for those who refrain from combat fearing death while they should display bravery putting their belief and confidence in Allah [SWT]. In this respect when the hypocrites face fortune, health and wealth they say this is from Allah [SWT]. However when bad fortune and calamity befalls them they say this [situation]​​ is from you [O Muhammad [SAAS]], Say [O Messenger of​​ Allah [SAAS]]:” All Is The Act Of Allah [SWT] and so why are these people almost unable to comprehend this speech?

مَّا أَصَابَكَ مِنْ حَسَنَةٍ فَمِنَ اللَّهِ​​ ۖ​​ وَمَا أَصَابَكَ مِن سَيِّئَةٍ فَمِن نَّفْسِكَ​​ ۚ​​ وَأَرْسَلْنَاكَ لِلنَّاسِ رَسُولًا​​ ۚ​​ وَكَفَىٰ​​ بِاللَّهِ شَهِيدًا​​ (79).

What comes to you of good is from Allah , but what comes to you of evil, [O man], is from yourself. And We have sent you, [O Muhammad], to the people as a messenger, and sufficient is Allah as Witness (79).

O Humankind be informed​​ that Whatever Allah [SWT] Ordains For you in the way of fortune, health and wealth Is From Allah [SWT] and Whatever you meet in terms of hardship, infliction and illness is from yourself. And We [SWT] Have Sent you O Muhammad [SAAS] to people as a Messenger and Adequate and Sufficient Is Allah [SWT] As A Witness [of Islam].​​ 

مَّن يُطِعِ الرَّسُولَ فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ​​ ۖ​​ وَمَن تَوَلَّىٰ فَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ عَلَيْهِمْ حَفِيظًا​​ (80).

He who obeys the Messenger has obeyed Allah ; but those who turn away –​​ We have not sent you over them as a guardian (80).

Whosoever obeys the Messenger [SAAS] [through his Sunnah] has in fact obeyed Allah [SWT] and whosoever turns his back [to the Prophet and his​​ Message] then We [SWT] Have Not Delivered you [O Muhammad [SAAS]] as their custodian [except to proclaim the Message of Islam].

وَيَقُولُونَ طَاعَةٌ فَإِذَا بَرَزُوا مِنْ عِندِكَ بَيَّتَ طَائِفَةٌ مِّنْهُمْ غَيْرَ الَّذِي تَقُولُ​​ ۖ​​ وَاللَّهُ يَكْتُبُ مَا يُبَيِّتُونَ​​ ۖ​​ فَأَعْرِضْ عَنْهُمْ وَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ وَكِيلًا​​ (81).

And they say, “[We pledge] obedience.” But when they leave you, a group of them spend the night determining to do other than what you say. But Allah records what they plan by night. So leave them alone and rely upon Allah​​ . And sufficient is Allah as Disposer of affairs (81).

And if the hypocrites come to you O Muhammad [SAAS] and say we obey you and once they leave you some of them defraud, twist and change what they offered you in obedience And Allah [SWT] Commands the Angels to write what these hypocrites have concealed in their records [so that they will be punished for their actions in the Hereafter]. As for you O Muhammad [SAAS] turn away from these hypocrites and Put Your Trust In Allah [SWT] and Allah [SWT] Is Sufficient As A Guardian And Guarantor.

أَفَلَا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ الْقُرْآنَ​​ ۚ​​ وَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ عِندِ غَيْرِ اللَّهِ لَوَجَدُوا فِيهِ اخْتِلَافًا كَثِيرًا​​ (82).

Then do they not reflect upon the Qur’an? If it had been from [any] other than Allah, they would have​​ found within it much contradiction (82).

Do they [the hypocrites] not engraft the [Glorious] Quran and if it had been [Revealed] from any Power other than Allah [SWT], then they would find in it much variation, divergence and dissimilarity.

وَإِذَا جَاءَهُمْ أَمْرٌ مِّنَ الْأَمْنِ أَوِ الْخَوْفِ أَذَاعُوا بِهِ​​ ۖ​​ وَلَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَإِلَىٰ أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَنبِطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ​​ ۗ​​ وَلَوْلَا فَضْلُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُهُ لَاتَّبَعْتُمُ الشَّيْطَانَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا​​ (83).

And when there comes to them information about [public] security or fear, they spread it around. But if they had referred it back to the Messenger or to those of authority among them, then the ones who [can] draw correct conclusions from​​ it would have known about it And if not for the favor of Allah upon you and His mercy, you would have followed Satan, except for a few (83).

And upon being exposed to information related to security or fear they propagate and transmit it to the community.​​ This was the preoccupation of the weak-faith believers and hypocrites. However, had they reverted this information to the Messenger [SAAS] and those who Possess Command [Believers with Deep Religious Knowledge and Mindful Muslim Minds]. Thus if these people leave rumors and innuendos to the Prophet [SAAS] and/or who Possess Command to make the correct decision about declaring what needs to be declared and keeping confidential what needs to be kept under​​ confidentiality. And if it wasn’t For Allah [SWT]’s Grace and Mercy you would have followed Shaytan except for a few.

فَقَاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَا تُكَلَّفُ إِلَّا نَفْسَكَ​​ ۚ​​ وَحَرِّضِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ​​ ۖ​​ عَسَى اللَّهُ أَن يَكُفَّ بَأْسَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا​​ ۚ​​ وَاللَّهُ أَشَدُّ بَأْسًا وَأَشَدُّ تَنكِيلًا​​ (84).

So fight, [O Muhammad], in the cause of Allah; you are not held responsible except for yourself. And encourage the believers [to join you] that perhaps Allah will restrain the [military] might of those who disbelieve. And Allah is greater in might and​​ stronger in [exemplary] punishment (84). ​​​​ 

Thus O Muhammad [SAAS] wage war for the Sake Of Allah [SWT] [even if you were alone [on the hypocrites, pagans and infidels] and encourage, implore and beseech the Sahabah [RAA] and the rest of the Muslim​​ believers [to fight the enemy] with Allah [SWT]’s Promise to Letup And Cutoff those non-believers And Allah [SWT] Is More Intense in His Authority And Dominion and More Intense in His Torment [SWT].

مَّن يَشْفَعْ شَفَاعَةً حَسَنَةً يَكُن لَّهُ نَصِيبٌ مِّنْهَا​​ ۖ​​ وَمَن يَشْفَعْ شَفَاعَةً سَيِّئَةً يَكُن لَّهُ كِفْلٌ مِّنْهَا​​ ۗ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مُّقِيتًا​​ (85).

Whoever intercedes for a good cause will have a reward therefrom; and whoever intercedes for an evil cause will have a burden therefrom. And ever is Allah , over all things, a Keeper (85).

Whosoever intercedes a good intersession, he/she shall have a share thereof. And whosoever intercedes a sinful intersession then he/she shall bear a burden and brunt thereof. And Allah [SWT] Is Forever The Keeper Over All Things.

وَإِذَا حُيِّيتُم بِتَحِيَّةٍ فَحَيُّوا بِأَحْسَنَ مِنْهَا أَوْ رُدُّوهَا​​ ۗ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ حَسِيبًا​​ (86).

And when you are greeted with a greeting, greet [in return] with one better than it or [at​​ least] return it [in a like manner]. Indeed, Allah is ever, over all things, an Accountant (86). ​​ 

And if you are greeted with a Muslim Greeting [which is a Sunnah] as in: Al Salamu Alykum then your response [which is a Fardh Action or Compulsion Etiquette] should be similar as in: Alaykum Al Salam or better as in : Alaykum Al Salam Wa Rahmatullahi Wa Barakatuh. Verily, Allah [SWT] Is Forever A Reckoner.

اللَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ​​ ۚ​​ لَيَجْمَعَنَّكُمْ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ​​ ۗ​​ وَمَنْ أَصْدَقُ مِنَ اللَّهِ حَدِيثًا​​ (87).

Allah – there is no deity except Him. He will surely assemble you for [account on] the Day of Resurrection, about which there is no doubt. And who is more truthful than Allah in statement (87).

Allah [SWT] Is the​​ Supreme Being With No Other Idol Competing With Him [SWT]. He Shall Gather all of you to the Day of Resurrection [The Day All Creation Are Bought Forward To Face The Creator]. And Who Is More Truthful Than the Narration Of Allah [SWT].

فَمَا لَكُمْ فِي الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِئَتَيْنِ وَاللَّهُ أَرْكَسَهُم بِمَا كَسَبُوا​​ ۚ​​ أَتُرِيدُونَ أَن تَهْدُوا مَنْ أَضَلَّ اللَّهُ​​ ۖ​​ وَمَن يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُ سَبِيلًا​​ (88).​​ 

What is [the matter] with you [that you are] two groups concerning the hypocrites,​​ while Allah has made them fall back [into error and disbelief] for what they earned. Do you wish to guide those whom Allah has sent astray? And he whom Allah sends astray – never will you find for him a way [of guidance](88).​​ 

When the Muslims came back from the Battle of Uhud some of the Makkan hypocrites came to the Prophet [SAAS] saying they were Muslims [thus displaying pharisaism and duplicity] then they would go back to their people and go back to their idols thus seeking ambivalence and dissemblance.​​ And so why were you [believers] divergent concerning the hypocrites with two opposing opinion, one group wanted them killed while another wanted them saved? And Therefor For What They Had Committed, Allah [SWT] Reverted Them To Blasphemy. Rebuking and Reprimanding [the believers], Allah [SWT] Says: “Do You Want To Guide Those Who Allah [SWT] Has Forsaken to Aberrance”.

وَدُّوا لَوْ تَكْفُرُونَ كَمَا كَفَرُوا فَتَكُونُونَ سَوَاءً​​ ۖ​​ فَلَا تَتَّخِذُوا مِنْهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءَ حَتَّىٰ يُهَاجِرُوا فِي سَبِيلِ​​ اللَّهِ​​ ۚ​​ فَإِن تَوَلَّوْا فَخُذُوهُمْ وَاقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ​​ ۖ​​ وَلَا تَتَّخِذُوا مِنْهُمْ وَلِيًّا وَلَا​​ 

نَصِيرًا​​ (89).

They wish you would disbelieve as they disbelieved so you would be alike. So do not take from among them allies until they emigrate for the cause of Allah . But if they turn away, then seize them and kill them wherever you find them and take not from among them any ally or helper (89).

They [the hypocrites] wish you [the believers] would become blasphemous as they have extravagantly disbelieved and have indulged in their aberrance and thence become equals. So do not take them as supporters or protagonists until they comply with [the provisions of] Migration for the Cause Of Allah [SWT]. Otherwise, if they shun away then take them [by surprise] and kill them wherever you encounter them and do not take them as supporters or allies.

إِلَّا الَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ إِلَىٰ قَوْمٍ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُم مِّيثَاقٌ أَوْ جَاءُوكُمْ حَصِرَتْ صُدُورُهُمْ أَن يُقَاتِلُوكُمْ أَوْ يُقَاتِلُوا​​ قَوْمَهُمْ​​ ۚ​​ وَلَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَسَلَّطَهُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ فَلَقَاتَلُوكُمْ​​ ۚ​​ فَإِنِ​​ اعْتَزَلُوكُمْ فَلَمْ يُقَاتِلُوكُمْ وَأَلْقَوْا إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَمَ فَمَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سَبِيلًا​​ (90).

Except for those who take refuge with a people​​ between yourselves and whom is a treaty or those who come to you, their hearts strained at [the prospect of] fighting you or fighting their own people. And if Allah had willed, He could have given them power over you, and they would have fought you. So if​​ they remove themselves from you and do not fight you and offer you peace, then Allah has not made for you a cause [for fighting] against them (90). ​​​​ 

Excluding those who are related to the people you have a pact with for peace and good neighborhood relations, or those who’s hearts are fearful that they might fight you or fight alongside you against their people. And thus If Allah [SWT] Had Desired He Would Have Empowered them over you [because He [SWT] Is Testing you Or Punishing you]. And so if they stay​​ away from you and not fight you but instead offer you a peace pact, then it is illegal or unlawful [from the Muslim Jurisprudence point of view] to fight them, hold them captive or loot or rob their wealth or property. Allah [SWT] Has Prohibited Muslims From Fighting The Two Groups: Those Already In the Peace Pact With Muslims And Those Who Have Given Up Fighting Against Muslims and Who Are Seeking A Peace Pact With Them.

​​ سَتَجِدُونَ آخَرِينَ يُرِيدُونَ أَن يَأْمَنُوكُمْ وَيَأْمَنُوا قَوْمَهُمْ كُلَّ مَا​​ رُدُّوا إِلَى الْفِتْنَةِ أُرْكِسُوا فِيهَا​​ ۚ​​ فَإِن لَّمْ يَعْتَزِلُوكُمْ وَيُلْقُوا إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَمَ وَيَكُفُّوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ فَخُذُوهُمْ وَاقْتُلُوهُمْ​​ حَيْثُ ثَقِفْتُمُوهُمْ​​ ۚ​​ وَأُولَٰئِكُمْ جَعَلْنَا لَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ سُلْطَانًا مُّبِينًا​​ (91).

You​​ will find others who wish to obtain security from you and [to] obtain security from their people. Every time they are returned to [the influence of] disbelief, they fall back into it. So if they do not withdraw from you or offer you peace or restrain their hands, then seize them and kill them wherever you overtake them. And those – We have made for you against them a clear authorization​​ (91).

​​ You [Muslim believers] shall meet others [who are the tribes of Asad & Ghatafan from the Tihma Plains south of Makkah in the Arabian Peninsula] who are seeking your safety and security as well as their own people’s safety and security thus showing a hypocritical state. When their own people called upon them to sedition against the Muslims and induce them to commence their combat, they nevertheless reverted back to their people remaining ambivalent and hesitant as what to do. Therefore if they do not grant you [Muslims] safety and security through a peace pact, then round them off and kill them wherever you find them. For this act Allah [SWT] Has Given you Both Argument And Excuse over them for their reversion to sedition.​​ 

وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ أَن يَقْتُلَ مُؤْمِنًا إِلَّا خَطَأً​​ ۚ​​ وَمَن قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا خَطَأً فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ وَدِيَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ​​ إِلَىٰ أَهْلِهِ إِلَّا أَن يَصَّدَّقُوا​​ ۚ​​ فَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوْمٍ عَدُوٍّ لَّكُمْ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ​​ ۖ​​ وَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوْمٍ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُم مِّيثَاقٌ فَدِيَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰ أَهْلِهِ وَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ​​ ۖ​​ فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ تَوْبَةً مِّنَ اللَّهِ​​ ۗ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا​​ (92).

And never is it for a believer to kill a believer except by mistake. And whoever kills a believer by mistake – then the freeing of​​ a believing slave and a compensation payment presented to the deceased’s family [is required] unless they give [up their right as] charity. But if the deceased was from a people at war with you and he was a believer – then [only] the freeing of a believing slave; and if he was from a people with whom you have a treaty – then a compensation payment presented to his family and the freeing of a believing slave. And whoever does not find [one or cannot afford to buy one] – then [instead], a fast for two months​​ consecutively, [seeking] acceptance of repentance from Allah. And Allah is ever Knowing and Wise (92).

And no believer should kill another believer, only if the killing was erroneous and whosoever is killed erroneously [meaning without intent] then the killer is required to emancipate the neck of [a male or female] slave believer as an atonement along with money compensation given to his inheritors. Unless the family of the​​ deceased pay the said compensation as charity back to the assailant’s family.

And if the killer was from people who are your enemies [like the infidels] then the Muslim believer who is killed by Muslims in the land of the infidels and disbelievers and who has not migrated to the land of Islam​​ then the killer is required to emancipate the​​ neck of [a male or female] slave believer as an atonement. In the event that he/she are unable to find the required slave necks to emancipate or that they financially are unable to buy it, then the​​ fasting of two consecutive months [Seeking Forgiveness From Allah [SWT]] ​​ without a pause [which should be compensated for] except in the case of the female’s menstrual period [in which no compensation is required].

​​ وَمَن يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُّتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا وَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ​​ عَلَيْهِ وَلَعَنَهُ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُ عَذَابًا عَظِيمًا​​ (93).

But whoever kills a believer intentionally – his recompense is Hell, wherein he will abide eternally, and Allah has become angry with him and has cursed him and has prepared for him a great punishment (93).

And whosoever kills a Muslim believer with intent and purpose then his/her reward shall be the Abyss which he/she deserve because of this sin and they shall dwell therein forever. For this sin Allah [SWT] Shall Descend His Wrath and Curse On The​​ Sinners With Prepared Torment For Them. Unless the killers [with intent] repent and confess their sin and surrender for retribution promising not to repeat the killing again. If the killer has wealth then he/she shall have to pay the required compensation​​ to the family of the deceased.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا ضَرَبْتُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَتَبَيَّنُوا وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَنْ أَلْقَىٰ إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ لَسْتَ مُؤْمِنًا تَبْتَغُونَ عَرَضَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا فَعِندَ اللَّهِ مَغَانِمُ كَثِيرَةٌ​​ ۚ​​ كَذَٰلِكَ كُنتُم مِّن قَبْلُ فَمَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَتَبَيَّنُوا​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرًا​​ (94).

O you who have believed, when you go forth [to fight] in the cause of Allah , investigate; and do not say to one who gives​​ you [a greeting of] peace “You are not a believer,” aspiring for the goods of worldly life; for with Allah are many acquisitions. You [yourselves] were like that before; then Allah conferred His favor upon you, so investigate. Indeed Allah is ever, with what you do, Acquainted (94).

O you who believe, in the event you are marching out for Jihad for the Sake of Allah [SWT] then discern and recognize the person you happen to assault is not a Muslim believer and do not call a person who greets you with the Islamic Greeting [Al Salamu Alaykum] : “you are not a believer”. By this statement you seek worldly merchandise and booties. While, Allah [SWT] Has Lots Of Permissible Booties For Humankind Without You Committing Forbidden Deeds. This was the state of blasphemy you were in before Islam and you blood was saved when you uttered the Word Of Submission To Allah [SWT] And His Last Messenger Muhammad [SAAS]. Verily, Allah [SWT] Has Forever Been Expert And Proficient Over Your Actions.

لَّا يَسْتَوِي الْقَاعِدُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ غَيْرُ أُولِي الضَّرَرِ وَالْمُجَاهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنفُسِهِمْ​​ ۚ​​ فَضَّلَ اللَّهُ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنفُسِهِمْ عَلَى الْقَاعِدِينَ دَرَجَةً​​ ۚ​​ وَكُلًّا وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الْحُسْنَىٰ​​ ۚ​​ وَفَضَّلَ​​ اللَّهُ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ عَلَى الْقَاعِدِينَ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا​​ (95).

Not equal are those believers remaining [at home] – other than the disabled – and the mujahideen, [who strive and fight] in the cause of Allah with their wealth and their lives. Allah has preferred the mujahideen through their wealth and their lives over those who remain [behind], by degrees. And to both Allah has promised the best [reward]. But Allah has preferred the mujahideen over those who remain [behind] with a great reward –

There is​​ a difference between the Muslim believers who stay at home except for those who have excuses [because of their physical inability to participate in Jihad] from those who perform Jihad [Mujahideeen] for the Sake of Allah [SWT] with their wealth and their lives and Allah [SWT] Has Given Them A Degree Over Those Who Are Physically Unable To Perform Jihad And Both Factions, Allah [SWT] Has Promised A Sublime Reward On Judgement Day Which Is Jannah.

دَرَجَاتٍ مِّنْهُ وَمَغْفِرَةً وَرَحْمَةً​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا​​ (96).

Degrees [of high position] from Him and forgiveness and mercy.​​ And Allah is ever Forgiving and Merciful (96).

Levels Of Forgiveness and Mercy From Allah [SWT] [to the Mujahideen in Jannah] And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Forgiving And​​ Merciful. According to Abu Hurairah [RAA] the Messenger [SAAS] said:” In Jannah exists a hundred levels Prepared By Allah [SWT] for the Mujahideen [for His Sake], the distance between [any] two of them is the distance between the heavens and earth,​​ 

إِنَّ​​ الَّذِينَ تَوَفَّاهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ ظَالِمِي أَنفُسِهِمْ قَالُوا فِيمَ كُنتُمْ​​ ۖ​​ قَالُوا كُنَّا مُسْتَضْعَفِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِ​​ ۚ​​ قَالُوا أَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَرْضُ اللَّهِ وَاسِعَةً فَتُهَاجِرُوا فِيهَا​​ ۚ​​ فَأُولَٰئِكَ مَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ​​ ۖ​​ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًا​​ (97).

Indeed, those whom the angels take [in death] while wronging themselves – [the angels] will say, “In what [condition] were you?” They will say, “We were oppressed in the land.” The angels will say, “Was not the earth of Allah spacious [enough] for​​ you to emigrate therein?” For those, their refuge is Hell – and evil it is as a destination.

Those people who’s souls have been taken by the Angels and who have transgressed upon themselves because they did not migrate from Makkah to Al Medina as other​​ Muslims did. They rather chose to stay amongst the blasphemous and infidels in Makkah. They would act to prohibit the infidels from declaring their Islam, from performing their worship and more importantly in joining the blasphemous in killing the Muslims​​ of Makkah.

The Angles Said To these people:” In What Situation Were You? Were you amongst the Sahabah [RAA] [Companions] of the Prophet Muhammad [SAAS] or were you polytheists?” They responded by saying:” We were vulnerable [roaming] in earth unable to declare our religion. The Angels questioned them:” Is the Earth Of Allah [SWT] Not Spacious Enough for you to migrate?” For such people The Abyss is their asylum or refuge [as a recompence for their actions].​​ 

إِلَّا الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَاءِ وَالْوِلْدَانِ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ حِيلَةً وَلَا يَهْتَدُونَ سَبِيلًا​​ (98).

Except for the oppressed among men, women and children who cannot devise a plan nor are they directed to a way (98).

Excluding those men, women and children who are truly and​​ honestly vulnerable and unable to find their way and thus devise a subterfuge.

فَأُولَٰئِكَ عَسَى اللَّهُ أَن يَعْفُوَ عَنْهُمْ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَفُوًّا غَفُورًا​​ (99).

For those it is expected that Allah will pardon them, and Allah is​​ ever​​ Pardoning​​ and​​ Forgiving (99).

For this group of people​​ [mentioned in the previous Ayah 98 who seek migration to the land of Islam] Allah [SWT] May Forgive them And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Pardoning And Forgiving.

وَمَن يُهَاجِرْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ يَجِدْ فِي الْأَرْضِ مُرَاغَمًا كَثِيرًا وَسَعَةً​​ ۚ​​ وَمَن يَخْرُجْ مِن بَيْتِهِ مُهَاجِرًا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ثُمَّ يُدْرِكْهُ الْمَوْتُ فَقَدْ وَقَعَ أَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ​​ ۗ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا​​ (100).

And whoever emigrates for the cause of Allah​​ will find on the earth many [alternative] locations and abundance. And whoever leaves his home as an emigrant to Allah and His Messenger and then death overtakes him – his reward has already become incumbent upon Allah. And Allah is ever Forgiving and Merciful (100).

And whosoever emigrates for the Sake Of Allah [SWT] [and His Messenger [SAAS]] shall find a place to dwell and obtain sustenance and then he/she meet their death before reaching their destination of migration, then the complete reward for this​​ migration Is With Allah [SWT] And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Forgiving And Merciful.

وَإِذَا ضَرَبْتُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَن تَقْصُرُوا مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ إِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَن يَفْتِنَكُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّ الْكَافِرِينَ كَانُوا​​ لَكُمْ عَدُوًّا مُّبِينًا​​ (101).

And when you travel throughout the land, there is no blame upon you for shortening the prayer, [especially] if you fear that those who disbelieve may disrupt [or attack] you. Indeed, the disbelievers are ever to you a clear enemy (101).

And if you Muslim believers travel in this Earth then there is no offence upon you to reduce your Four-Rack’at Salat [prayer] to Two-Rack’at Salat when you are being pursued by infidels aiming to attack you. It is important to point​​ out that​​ the reduction of Salat is also legitimate since the Prophet [SAAS] performed it when there was a secure surrounding.

وَإِذَا كُنتَ فِيهِمْ فَأَقَمْتَ لَهُمُ الصَّلَاةَ فَلْتَقُمْ طَائِفَةٌ مِّنْهُم مَّعَكَ وَلْيَأْخُذُوا أَسْلِحَتَهُمْ فَإِذَا سَجَدُوا فَلْيَكُونُوا مِن وَرَائِكُمْ وَلْتَأْتِ طَائِفَةٌ أُخْرَىٰ لَمْ يُصَلُّوا فَلْيُصَلُّوا مَعَكَ وَلْيَأْخُذُوا حِذْرَهُمْ وَأَسْلِحَتَهُمْ​​ ۗ​​ وَدَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوْ تَغْفُلُونَ عَنْ أَسْلِحَتِكُمْ وَأَمْتِعَتِكُمْ فَيَمِيلُونَ عَلَيْكُم مَّيْلَةً​​ وَاحِدَةً​​ ۚ​​ وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِن كَانَ بِكُمْ أَذًى مِّن مَّطَرٍ أَوْ كُنتُم مَّرْضَىٰ أَن تَضَعُوا أَسْلِحَتَكُمْ​​ ۖ​​ وَخُذُوا حِذْرَكُمْ​​ ۗ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَعَدَّ لِلْكَافِرِينَ عَذَابًا مُّهِينًا​​ (102).

And when you are among them and lead them in prayer, let a group of them stand [in prayer] with you and let them carry their arms. And when they have prostrated, let them be [in position] behind you and have the other group come forward which has not [yet] prayed and let them pray with you, taking precaution and carrying their arms. Those who disbelieve wish that you would neglect your weapons and your baggage so they could come down upon you in one [single] attack. But there is no blame upon you, if you are troubled by rain or are ill, for putting down your arms, but take​​ precaution. Indeed, Allah has prepared for the disbelievers a humiliating punishment (102).​​ 

And if and when you [Muhammad [SAAS]] are amidst your Sahabah [RAA] as well as other Muslim believers and you [Muhammad [SAAS]] are about to​​ establish and thence lead Salat, then separate your followers into two groups. One group performs Salat behind you, being cautious and keeping their weaponry [in hand] while the other group is watching out for the infidels [in the vicinity]. Once the Salat​​ is complete for the first group, then they move to guard the Muslims and the Prophet with their weaponry [in hand] from the infidels. The second group that did not perform Salat is then free to perform Salat with the other Muslims behind the Prophet [SAAS].

This Salat which takes different forms performed by the Prophet Muhammad [SAAS] during his lifetime followed by the Sahabah [RAA] is known as Salat Al Khawf [Prayers of Fear]. The infidels in the vicinity [who are watching you from a close distance] wish that you overlook or forget about your arms and possessions, then they shall raid you with all the strength once-in-for all. In the case that you are suffering from rainfall or are sick, then there is no offence upon you and take your precautions [from​​ the infidels and blasphemous]. Allah [SWT] Has Prepared For Them Painful Torment.

فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُمُ الصَّلَاةَ فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ قِيَامًا وَقُعُودًا وَعَلَىٰ جُنُوبِكُمْ​​ ۚ​​ فَإِذَا اطْمَأْنَنتُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ كَانَتْ عَلَى​​ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتَابًا مَّوْقُوتًا​​ (103).

And when you have completed the prayer, remember Allah standing, sitting, or [lying] on your sides. But when you become secure, re-establish [regular] prayer. Indeed, prayer has been decreed upon the believers a decree of specified times (103).

And once you have finished Salat Al Khawf [Prayers of Fear] then Remember, Reminisce and Invoke Allah [SWT] And His Glory And Might standing, sitting and reclining. Then when you are mentally and physically tranquil from enemy threats and danger, perform Salat [without fear and as prescribed] since the act of establishing Salat As Ordained by Allah [SWT] With His Messenger [SAAS] the Prophet of the Islam Ummah being the teacher and leader of Salat. Thus, Verily Salat Has Been​​ Commanded, Decreed And Dictated by Allah [SWT] At Specific Five Times A Day In Normal Circumstances. In abnormal war circumstances, Salat is performed as described in the previous Ayah 102.

وَلَا تَهِنُوا فِي ابْتِغَاءِ الْقَوْمِ​​ ۖ​​ إِن تَكُونُوا​​ تَأْلَمُونَ فَإِنَّهُمْ يَأْلَمُونَ كَمَا تَأْلَمُونَ​​ ۖ​​ وَتَرْجُونَ مِنَ اللَّهِ مَا لَا يَرْجُونَ​​ ۗ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا​​ (104).

And do not weaken in pursuit of the enemy. If you should be suffering – so are they suffering as you are suffering, but you expect from Allah that which they expect not. And Allah is ever Knowing and Wise (104).​​ 

And do not distress and despair in tracking the blasphemous hordes. If you endure and sustain pain and injury then they endure the same as you do and you hope and ask for [as Muslim believers] from Allah [SWT] What They Cannot Hope And Ask For. And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Observant And Wise.

​​ إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ لِتَحْكُمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِمَا أَرَاكَ اللَّهُ​​ ۚ​​ وَلَا تَكُن​​ لِّلْخَائِنِينَ خَصِيمًا​​ (105).

Indeed, We have revealed to you, [O Muhammad], the Book in truth so you may judge between the people by that which Allah has shown you. And do not be for the deceitful an advocate (105).

We [SWT] Have Revealed To You O Muhammad [SAAS] The Qur’an So That You Can Give Your Judgment Amongst People According To What Allah [SWT] Has Revealed In This Glorious Qur’an And/Or Through The Arch Angel Jibreel And [Allah [SWT] Commands The Prophet [SAAS] Not To Act As A Defender To The Traitors [Of Islam].

وَاسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ​​ ۖ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا​​ (106).

And seek forgiveness of Allah . Indeed, Allah is ever Forgiving and Merciful (106). ​​ 

And Ask [though Du’a] O Muhammad [SAAS] For The Forgiveness Of Allah [SWT] Verily​​ Allah [SWT] Is Forever Forgiving And Merciful.​​ 

This Ayah was Revealed after the quarrel and dispute between the Messenger [SAAS] and Bani [the Clan of] Ubairiq who accused the Prophet Muhammad [SAAS] of robbing their arms and weapons without any proof or​​ substantiation. After this incident the arms were returned to their owners.

وَلَا تُجَادِلْ عَنِ الَّذِينَ يَخْتَانُونَ أَنفُسَهُمْ​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ مَن كَانَ خَوَّانًا أَثِيمًا​​ (107).

And do not argue on behalf of those who deceive​​ themselves. Indeed, Allah loves not one who is a habitually sinful deceiver (107).

And do not, O Muhammad, wrangle and feud with those who are traitors of themselves. Verily, Allah [SWT] Does Not Like [Or Appreciate] Those Who Are Traitors, Sinful And Wicked.

يَسْتَخْفُونَ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَلَا يَسْتَخْفُونَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَهُوَ مَعَهُمْ إِذْ يُبَيِّتُونَ مَا لَا يَرْضَىٰ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ بِمَا يَعْمَلُونَ مُحِيطًا​​ (108).

They conceal [their evil intentions and deeds] from the people, but they​​ cannot conceal [them] from Allah, and He is with them [in His knowledge] when they spend the night in such as He does not accept of speech. And ever is Allah, of what they do, encompassing (108).

Those traitors to themselves and sinful mentioned in the​​ previous Ayah may hide their wicked actions from people. However, they are unable to hide their actions from Allah [SWT] Since He [SWT] Is Amongst Them And Is Knowledgeable [Overseeing] Of What They Plot At Night. Such Actions Allah [SWT] Does Not Accept Or Condone. And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Encircling Their Actions.

هَا أَنتُمْ هَٰؤُلَاءِ جَادَلْتُمْ عَنْهُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا فَمَن يُجَادِلُ اللَّهَ عَنْهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَم مَّن يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَكِيلًا​​ (109).

Here you are – those who​​ argue on their behalf in [this] worldly life – but who will argue with Allah for them on the Day of Resurrection, or who will [then] be their representative? ​​ (109).

Here you are, having argued [about the robber related to] the wicked and corrupt people in this worldly life, who then will Argue With Allah [SWT] For Such People On Resurrection Day? Or Who Shall Be Their Guarantor or Guardian [on this Day of Judgement].

وَمَن يَعْمَلْ سُوءًا أَوْ يَظْلِمْ نَفْسَهُ ثُمَّ يَسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ يَجِدِ اللَّهَ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا​​ (110).

And whoever does a wrong or wrongs himself but then seeks forgiveness of Allah will find Allah Forgiving and Merciful (110).

And whosoever transgresses against others or commits a sin upon himself, Then He or She Asks For The​​ Forgiveness Of Allah [SWT] Shall Find Allah [SWT] All Forgiving And All Merciful.

According to Abdullah Ibn Abbas [RAA] quoting the Messenger Of Allah [SWT] Muhammad [SAAS]:”Allah [SWT] Has Informed His Worshippers Of His Forbearance, His Forgiveness, His​​ Generosity As Well As The Capacity And Power Of His Limitless Mercy And Pardon even if the worshippers sins and transgressions were greater than the heavens, earth and mountains. If the Worshippers Plead and Beseech Allah [SWT] for Forgiveness and Pardon,​​ Then Allah [SWT] Shall Forgive And Pardon – Provided the Pleading And Beseeching Is Sincere, Non-Pretentious And True”. ​​ 

وَمَن يَكْسِبْ إِثْمًا فَإِنَّمَا يَكْسِبُهُ عَلَىٰ نَفْسِهِ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا​​ (111).

And whoever commits a sin only​​ earns it against himself. And Allah is ever Knowing and Wise (111).

And whosoever perpetrates a sin or commits a trespass then he or she shall reap the consequence on themselves. This implies that the relatives of the offenders are not responsible for the​​ intentions actions perpetrators. And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Knowledgeable And Wise.

وَمَن يَكْسِبْ خَطِيئَةً أَوْ إِثْمًا ثُمَّ يَرْمِ بِهِ بَرِيئًا فَقَدِ احْتَمَلَ بُهْتَانًا وَإِثْمًا مُّبِينًا​​ (112).

But whoever earns an offense or a sin and then​​ blames it on an innocent [person] has taken upon himself a slander and manifest sin (112).

And whosoever commits a trespass or sin [with intent and purpose] and holds liable a guiltless person shall carry the burden of falsehood and pronounced sin.

وَلَوْلَا فَضْلُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكَ وَرَحْمَتُهُ لَهَمَّت طَّائِفَةٌ مِّنْهُمْ أَن يُضِلُّوكَ وَمَا يُضِلُّونَ إِلَّا أَنفُسَهُمْ​​ ۖ​​ وَمَا يَضُرُّونَكَ مِن شَيْءٍ​​ ۚ​​ وَأَنزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَعَلَّمَكَ مَا لَمْ تَكُن تَعْلَمُ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ​​ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكَ عَظِيمًا​​ (113). ​​​​ 

And if it was not for the favor of Allah upon you, [O Muhammad], and His mercy, a group of them would have determined to mislead you. But they do not mislead except themselves, and they will not​​ harm you at all. And Allah has revealed to you the Book and wisdom and has taught you that which you did not know. And ever has the favor of Allah upon you been great (113).

And Had It Not Been For The Grace Of Allah [SWT] Upon You O Muhammad And His Mercy [SWT] Giving You​​ Infallibility Against Bani [the Clan of] Tu’mah who were allied with Bani Ubairiq aiming to misguide and deceive you, only to be misguided and mislead themselves And They Shall Not Hurt Or Injure You [O Muhammad [SAAS]] Whatsoever. And Allah [SWT] Has Revealed The Qur’an To You [Containing Rules And Provisions For The Good And Welfare of Humankind] As Well As The Prophetic Sunnah [In Order To Implement The Teachings Of The Messenger [SAAS] In Everyday Life Of Practicing Muslims]. He [SWT] Also Taught The Prophet [SAAS] What He Did Not Know About Prophecy [Through The Arch Angel Jibreel [AS] And So The Grace Of Allah [SWT] Has Been Forever Great Upon You [O Muhammad].

لَّا خَيْرَ فِي كَثِيرٍ مِّن نَّجْوَاهُمْ إِلَّا مَنْ أَمَرَ بِصَدَقَةٍ أَوْ مَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ​​ إِصْلَاحٍ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ​​ ۚ​​ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَٰلِكَ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِ اللَّهِ فَسَوْفَ نُؤْتِيهِ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا (114).

No good is there in much of their private conversation, except for those who enjoin charity or that which is right or conciliation​​ between people. And whoever does that seeking means to the approval of Allah – then We are going to give him a great reward (114).

There is no welfare or goodness in a lot of what most people  ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​  ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ confidentially converse about, except if it was in performing three acts:​​ paying out charity and alms; enjoining good and benevolence while the third is to work towards appeasement and reconciliation and whosoever performs any of the mentioned actions for The Contentment And Pleasure Of Allah [SWT] Shall Receive From Him [SWT] A Great Reward.

According to Umm Habeebah [RAA] [One of​​ the wives of the Prophet [SAAS]] Quoting The Messenger [SAAS] Said: “All the speech uttered by the Son of Adam is upon him [that is, his responsibility] not for him [that is, not in his favor], except enjoining good and forbidding vice or Remembering And​​ Invoking Allah [SWT]”.

وَمَن يُشَاقِقِ الرَّسُولَ مِن بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ الْهُدَىٰ وَيَتَّبِعْ غَيْرَ سَبِيلِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نُوَلِّهِ مَا تَوَلَّىٰ وَنُصْلِهِ جَهَنَّمَ​​ ۖ​​ وَسَاءَتْ مَصِيرًا​​ (115).

And whoever opposes the Messenger after guidance​​ has become clear to him and follows other than the way of the believers – We will give him what he has taken and drive him into Hell, and evil it is as a destination.

And whosoever contravenes [the teachings of] the Messenger [SAAS] subsequent to​​ discerning and comprehending the Guidance [Qur’an and Sunnah] and does not abide by it but rather pursues the pathways of those who are non-believers [from infidels and blasphemous], Allah [SWT] Shall Annex Him With The Non-Believers And Lead Him To Aberrance And [Consequently] Thrust Him Into The Abyss And [thus lead him to] A Desolate And Harmful Destiny.  ​​​​ 

إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَغْفِرُ أَن يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَن يَشَاءُ​​ ۚ​​ وَمَن يُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلَالًا بَعِيدًا​​ (116).

Indeed, Allah does not forgive association with Him, but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills. And he who associates others with Allah has certainly gone far astray (116).

Verily, Allah [SWT] Shall Not Forgive Those Who Associate​​ Partners With Him; And Shall Forgive Whom He [SWT] Would Like For Committers Of Lesser Sins And Whosoever Associates Partners With Allah [SWT] Has In fact Committed Aberrance Far Afield. [Ayah 48 Of Surat Al Nis’a has an almost similar text].

إِن يَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ إِلَّا إِنَاثًا وَإِن يَدْعُونَ إِلَّا شَيْطَانًا مَّرِيدًا​​ (117).

They call upon instead of Him none but female [deities], and they [actually] call upon none but a rebellious Satan (117).

What they [the pagans and infidels] claim other than​​ Allah [SWT] are idols with female names such as: Al Llat, Al Uzza and Manat [Ayat 19 and 20 from Surat Al Najim]. They also called the Angels the Daughters of Allah [SWT] claiming that worshipping the Angels would “bring them closer to Allah [SWT]”. These​​ pagans and polytheists – in their actions – in fact call upon the insubordinate Shaytan.​​ 

لَّعَنَهُ اللَّهُ​​ ۘ​​ وَقَالَ لَأَتَّخِذَنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِكَ نَصِيبًا مَّفْرُوضًا​​ (118). ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​  ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 

Whom Allah has cursed. For he had said, “I will surely take from among Your servants a specific portion (118).

The Shaytan mentioned in Ayah 117 Has Been Cursed by Allah [SWT]. This is because he said To Allah [SWT]:” I​​ shall certainly take a share of Your Worshippers [for seduction and enticement].

وَلَأُضِلَّنَّهُمْ وَلَأُمَنِّيَنَّهُمْ وَلَآمُرَنَّهُمْ فَلَيُبَتِّكُنَّ آذَانَ الْأَنْعَامِ وَلَآمُرَنَّهُمْ​​ فَلَيُغَيِّرُنَّ خَلْقَ اللَّهِ​​ ۚ​​ وَمَن يَتَّخِذِ الشَّيْطَانَ وَلِيًّا مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ فَقَدْ خَسِرَ خُسْرَانًا مُّبِينًا​​ (119).

And I will mislead them, and I will arouse in them [sinful] desires, and I will command them so they will slit the ears of cattle, and I will command them so they will change the creation​​ of Allah .” And whoever takes Satan as an ally instead of Allah has certainly sustained a clear loss (119).

Continuing from Ayah 118, Shaytan in this Ayah goes further to Challenge Allah [SWT] by saying:” I shall entice them [Your Worshippers] into aberrance and raise their hopes [in me] and order them [the infidels and blasphemous] to cut the ears of cattle stock [cows, oxen and bulls] and I shall order them to change and transpose the Creation of Allah [SWT]. And whosoever adopts Shaytan as a custodian and sponsor other than Allah [SWT] Has Definitely Sustained A Pronounced Loss.

يَعِدُهُمْ وَيُمَنِّيهِمْ​​ ۖ​​ وَمَا يَعِدُهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ إِلَّا غُرُورًا​​ (120).

Satan promises them and arouses desire in them. But Satan does not promise​​ them except delusion​​ (120).

Further to the previous two Ayat, this Ayah is a continuation of the description of Shaytan, who pledges to give hope and obsession to the Worshippers of Allah [SWT]. However, Shaytan pledges arrogance and vanity instead.​​ 

Al Shawkani Exegesis – Al​​ ​​ Nisa’ Ayah 121 ​​ to Ayah 176

أُولَٰئِكَ مَأْوَاهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ وَلَا يَجِدُونَ عَنْهَا مَحِيصًا​​ (121).

The refuge of those will be Hell, and they will not find from it an escape (121).

Those mentioned in the previous Ayah [120] shall have their sanctuary​​ and dwelling in the Abyss with no chance of breaking free from confinement inside this bottomless chasm.

وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ سَنُدْخِلُهُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا​​ ۖ​​ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ​​ حَقًّا​​ ۚ​​ وَمَنْ أَصْدَقُ مِنَ اللَّهِ قِيلًا​​ (122)

But the ones who believe and do righteous deeds – We will admit them to gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide forever. [It is] the promise of Allah, [which is] truth, and who is more​​ truthful than Allah in statement (122).

And for those who believe [in Allah [SWT]] and do good deeds, then We [SWT] Shall Enter them into Jannat​​ Under which Rivers Flow living eternally​​ there. This Pledge and Commitment From Allah [SWT] Is The Truth And Sincere Promise And Who But Allah [SWT] Holds The Ultimate Truth.

لَّيْسَ بِأَمَانِيِّكُمْ وَلَا أَمَانِيِّ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ​​ ۗ​​ مَن يَعْمَلْ سُوءًا يُجْزَ بِهِ وَلَا يَجِدْ لَهُ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلِيًّا وَلَا نَصِيرًا​​ (123).

Paradise is not [obtained] by​​ your wishful thinking nor by that of the People of the Scripture. Whoever does a wrong will be recompensed for it, and he will not find besides Allah a protector or a helper (123).

It is not through your hopes and aspirations [as Muslim believers] or those of the People of the Book [Jews and Christians]. Whosoever perpetrates sinful deeds shall be penalized and punished and shall not find a protagonist or an ally other than Allah [SWT]. According to Abu Hurairah [RAA] and Abu Said Al Khudri [RAA] both heard the Prophet [SAAS] Say: “Whatever calamity befalls the Muslim believer [such as worries, sickness, sadness, grief, sorrow, distress, headache, pain and depression] then this is expiation or atonement from Allah [SWT]”.

وَمَن يَعْمَلْ مِنَ الصَّالِحَاتِ مِن ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنثَىٰ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَأُولَٰئِكَ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ وَلَا يُظْلَمُونَ نَقِيرًا​​ (124).

And whoever does righteous deeds, whether male or female, while being a believer – those will enter Paradise and will not be wronged, [even as much as] the speck on a date seed (124).

And whosoever performs righteous deeds from male or female Muslim believers then those shall enter Jannah and shall not be unjustly treated even if this treatment is as small as a​​ membrane of the date palm’s kernel.

وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ دِينًا مِّمَّنْ أَسْلَمَ وَجْهَهُ لِلَّهِ وَهُوَ مُحْسِنٌ وَاتَّبَعَ مِلَّةَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَنِيفًا​​ ۗ​​ وَاتَّخَذَ اللَّهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ خَلِيلًا​​ (125).

And who is better in religion than one who submits himself to Allah while being a doer​​ of good and follows the religion of Abraham, inclining toward truth? And Allah took Abraham as an intimate friend (125).

And whom [amongst Muslim believers] is better in religion [belief, faith and practice] than he/she who succumb to The Face of Allah [SWT] and are philanthropists and follow the Progeny of [Prophet] Ibraheem [AS] who is a Hanafi [Muslim holding the truth in his/her heart]. And Allah [SWT] took Ibraheem [AS] an Allied Confidant [Khaleel in Arabic].

وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ مُّحِيطًا​​ (126).

And to Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is​​ on the earth.​​ And ever is Allah​​ ,​​ of all things, encompassing (126). ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 

And Allah [SWT] Possesses Whatever Is In The Heavens And Whatever Is In The Earth [In Reference to Taking Ibraheem [AS] As Khaleel]. And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Encompassing [Knowledgeable Of All Creation].

وَيَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ​​ ۖ​​ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ وَمَا يُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ فِي يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ اللَّاتِي لَا تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَن​​ تَنكِحُوهُنَّ وَالْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ​​ الْوِلْدَانِ وَأَن تَقُومُوا لِلْيَتَامَىٰ بِالْقِسْطِ​​ ۚ​​ وَمَا تَفْعَلُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِهِ عَلِيمًا​​ (127).

And they request from you, [O Muhammad], a [legal] ruling concerning women. Say, ” Allah gives you a ruling about them and [about] what has been recited to you in the Book concerning the orphan girls to whom you do not give what is decreed for them – and [yet] you desire to marry them – and concerning the oppressed among children and that you maintain for orphans [their rights] in justice.” And whatever you do of good – indeed, Allah is ever Knowing of it (127).

And the Muslim believers ask you [O Muhammad] to give them a jurisprudential opinion on women, Replying that Allah [SWT] Shall Give​​ you the Jurisprudential Opinion regarding them and what is recited in The Glorious Qur’an regarding the Orphan woman [ See Ayah 3 from Surat Al Nisa’] whom you do not give what is due [written] to them in terms of dowry and inheritance [which Allah [SWT]​​ Has Appropriated for you as guardians [trustees and custodians] to feeding and clothing them and speaking to them in kind language] and yet you want their hands in wedlock. This Devine Ruling Applies for the vulnerable youth and that you [as guardians] guarantee the orphan’s just writes. And whatever benevolence you do, then Allah [SWT] Is All Knowing [of your actions].

وَإِنِ امْرَأَةٌ خَافَتْ مِن بَعْلِهَا نُشُوزًا أَوْ إِعْرَاضًا فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا أَن يُصْلِحَا بَيْنَهُمَا صُلْحًا​​ ۚ​​ وَالصُّلْحُ خَيْرٌ​​ ۗ​​ وَأُحْضِرَتِ الْأَنفُسُ الشُّحَّ​​ ۚ​​ وَإِن تُحْسِنُوا وَتَتَّقُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرًا ​​ ​​ ​​​​ (128).

And if a woman fears from her husband contempt or evasion, there is no sin upon them if they make terms of settlement between​​ them​​ – and settlement is best. And present in [human] souls is stinginess. But if you do good and fear Allah – then indeed Allah is ever, with what you do, Acquainted (128).

And if a [married] woman is afraid that her husband exhibits repulsion and rejection in their habitual marriage then there is no offence upon either husband or wife to reconcile their differences and reconciliation [in such cases] is benevolent [to both parties]. And all [human] souls are casted and molded to have miserliness [in their relationships particularly towards each other as marriage couples]. However, if you display philanthropy and are conscience and fearing Allah [SWT] then He [SWT] Is Expert and Proficient With Your Actions.

وَلَن تَسْتَطِيعُوا أَن تَعْدِلُوا بَيْنَ النِّسَاءِ وَلَوْ حَرَصْتُمْ​​ ۖ​​ فَلَا تَمِيلُوا كُلَّ الْمَيْلِ فَتَذَرُوهَا كَالْمُعَلَّقَةِ​​ ۚ​​ وَإِن تُصْلِحُوا وَتَتَّقُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا​​ (129).

And you will never be able to be equal [in feeling] between wives, even if you should​​ strive [to do so]. So do not incline completely [toward one] and leave another hanging. And if you amend [your affairs] and fear Allah – then indeed, Allah is ever Forgiving and Merciful (129).

And you shall not [based on the previous Ayah] have the [the​​ moral and psychological] capacity to equate between wives regarding feelings and sexual intercourse. Thus being impartial in marital relationships is key to happiness in a home. Therefore a husband with polygamy should not display undue desire and inclination for one of his wives against the other, thus leaving the deserted wife hanging in balance. And if you reform your relationships [with your wives and treat them in an impartial and just way] As​​ Allah [SWT] Requires from you, then He [SWT] Shall Forever​​ Be Forgiving and Merciful.

وَإِن يَتَفَرَّقَا يُغْنِ اللَّهُ كُلًّا مِّن سَعَتِهِ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ وَاسِعًا حَكِيمًا​​ (130).

But if they separate [by divorce], Allah will enrich each [of them] from His abundance. And ever is Allah Encompassing and Wise​​ (130).

However if they decide to separate through divorce, then Allah [SWT] Shall Provide Each With an Opportunity To Find A Substitute and Suitable Partner For Marriage And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Encompassing and Wise.

وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ​​ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ​​ ۗ​​ وَلَقَدْ وَصَّيْنَا الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ وَإِيَّاكُمْ أَنِ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ​​ ۚ​​ وَإِن تَكْفُرُوا فَإِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَنِيًّا حَمِيدًا​​ (131).

And to Allah​​ belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And We have instructed those who were given the Scripture before you and yourselves to fear Allah . But if you disbelieve – then to Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on​​ the earth. And ever is Allah Free of need and Praiseworthy (131).

And To Allah [SWT] Belongs The Reigns Of The Heavens And Earth And Whatever They Contain And We [SWT] Have Commanded those [Jews and Christians] who were Given the Book [the Tawra and Al​​ Injeel] before you and you [Muslims with the Qur’an] to Fear And Be Conscience Of Allah [SWT] And If You [on the other hand] Chose To Be Blasphemous, Then Allah [SWT] Holds The Dominions Of What the Heavens And Earth Possess. And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Opulent And Commendable.

وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ وَكِيلًا​​ (132).

And to Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And sufficient is Allah as Disposer of affairs (132).

And To Allah [SWT] Belongs The Reigns Of The Heavens And Earth And Whatever They Contain And Appropriate Is Allah [SWT] As A Guardian And Guarantor.

إِن يَشَأْ يُذْهِبْكُمْ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ وَيَأْتِ بِآخَرِينَ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ قَدِيرًا​​ (133).

If​​ He wills, He can do away with you, O people, and bring others [in your place]. And ever is Allah competent to do that (133).

This is a Stern Warning From The Creator Almighty That Upon His Will He [SWT] Shall Eliminate All Humanity And Substitute Them With Another Category Of Humankind and Allah [SWT] Is Forever Able And Capable Of Accomplishing That.

مَّن كَانَ يُرِيدُ ثَوَابَ الدُّنْيَا فَعِندَ اللَّهِ ثَوَابُ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ سَمِيعًا بَصِيرًا​​ (134).

Whoever desires the​​ reward of this world – then with Allah is the reward of this world and the Hereafter. And ever is Allah Hearing and Seeing (134).

Whoever is yearning and longing for the worldly reward [of their actions in following Islam and abiding by the Sunnah of the​​ Messenger [SAAS]] then Allah [SWT] Has The Reward Of Both This World And The Hereafter. And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Listening And Observant.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُونُوا قَوَّامِينَ بِالْقِسْطِ شُهَدَاءَ لِلَّهِ وَلَوْ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوِ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالْأَقْرَبِينَ​​ ۚ​​ إِن يَكُنْ غَنِيًّا أَوْ فَقِيرًا فَاللَّهُ أَوْلَىٰ بِهِمَا​​ ۖ​​ فَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا الْهَوَىٰ أَن تَعْدِلُوا​​ ۚ​​ وَإِن تَلْوُوا أَوْ تُعْرِضُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرًا​​ (135).

O you who have believed, be​​ persistently standing firm in justice, witnesses for Allah, even if it be against yourselves or parents and relatives. Whether one is rich or poor, Allah is more worthy of both. So follow not [personal] inclination, lest you not be just. And if you distort​​ [your testimony] or refuse [to give it], then indeed Allah is ever, with what you do, Acquainted (135).

O you who believe be consistent, steadfast and unyielding in Applying Justice and Being Witnesses For Allah [SWT] even though this [witnessing] might​​ not be in your or your parents or your next of kin or your relative’s​​ favor. If the person being subjected to witnessing is wealthy or poor, then Allah [SWT] Is Deserving Of Both Of Them. Thus if the person being witnessed is rich then his wealth should not be a pediment to the impartiality and credibility of the witnessing process. Similarly, a poor person should not be judged because of his financial situation and social status. The witnessing process should thus be equitable and unprejudiced. And So Both​​ Types Of People Are Commendable and Praiseworthy By Allah [SWT]. Accordingly do not follow your personal impulsive and capricious tendency and aberration in the witnessing process. And if you deform and corrupt your witnessing process Then Allah [SWT] Is​​ Expert and Proficient With Your Actions.

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا آمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَالْكِتَابِ الَّذِي نَزَّلَ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِ وَالْكِتَابِ الَّذِي أَنزَلَ مِن قَبْلُ​​ ۚ​​ وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلَالًا بَعِيدًا​​ (136).

O you who have believed, believe in Allah and His Messenger and the Book that He sent down upon His Messenger and the Scripture which He sent down before. And whoever disbelieves in Allah , His​​ angels, His books, His messengers, and the Last Day has certainly gone far astray (136).

 ​​ ​​​​ 

O you who believe Have Faith in Allah [SWT] And His Messenger [SAAS] And The Book [the Qur’an] Revealed To His [SWT]’s Messenger [SAAS] And All The Books Revealed​​ [to the Prophets & Messengers [AS]] Prior to the Qur’an. And whosoever blasphemes in Allah [SWT], His Angels, His Books, His Messengers And The Last Day Has Surly And Undoubtedly Entered Far, Far, Into Aberrance.

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا ثُمَّ كَفَرُوا ثُمَّ آمَنُوا ثُمَّ كَفَرُوا ثُمَّ ازْدَادُوا كُفْرًا لَّمْ يَكُنِ اللَّهُ لِيَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ وَلَا لِيَهْدِيَهُمْ سَبِيلًا​​ (137).

Indeed, those who have believed then disbelieved, then believed, then disbelieved, and then increased in disbelief – never will​​ Allah forgive them, nor will He guide them to a way (137).

Verily those who submitted to Islam then blasphemed then returned to the Muslim faith then blasphemed then increased in blasphemy, Allah [SWT] Shall Not Forgive Them Nor Shall He [SWT] Guide Them​​ To A Righteous Path.

According to Abdullah Ibin Abbas [RAA]: “those who alternate in blasphemy and belief​​ shall not be forgiven if they persist in their blasphemy until their death. However, if such people repent and show sincere faith, then Allah [SWT]​​ Would Have Guided Them Into A Righteous Path. Islam Is The Religion Which Wipes Out And Erases Previous Human Wrongdoings And Transgressions.

بَشِّرِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ بِأَنَّ لَهُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا​​ (138).

Give tidings to the hypocrites that there is for​​ them a painful punishment​​ (138).

This Glad Tiding Is An Ironic And Sarcastic Expression From Allah [SWT] To The Hypocrites That Their Actions And Deeds In The Worldly Life Shall Be Accounted For And Confronted With Painful Torment.

الَّذِينَ يَتَّخِذُونَ الْكَافِرِينَ أَوْلِيَاءَ مِن دُونِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ​​ ۚ​​ أَيَبْتَغُونَ عِندَهُمُ الْعِزَّةَ فَإِنَّ الْعِزَّةَ لِلَّهِ جَمِيعًا​​ (139).

Those who take disbelievers as allies instead of the believers. Do they seek with them honor [through power]? But indeed,​​ honor belongs to Allah entirely (139).​​ 

Those hypocrites who take the blasphemous as sponsors and custodians instead of the believers. Are these hypocrites after might and power? But That Might And Power Completely Belongs To Allah [SWT].

وَقَدْ نَزَّلَ​​ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ أَنْ إِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ يُكْفَرُ بِهَا وَيُسْتَهْزَأُ بِهَا فَلَا تَقْعُدُوا مَعَهُمْ حَتَّىٰ يَخُوضُوا فِي حَدِيثٍ غَيْرِهِ​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّكُمْ إِذًا مِّثْلُهُمْ​​ ۗ​​ إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَامِعُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَالْكَافِرِينَ فِي جَهَنَّمَ جَمِيعًا​​ (140).

And it has already come down to you in the Book that when you hear the verses of Allah [recited], they are denied [by them] and ridiculed; so do not sit with them until they enter into another conversation. Indeed, you would then be​​ like them. Indeed Allah will gather the hypocrites and disbelievers in Hell all together (140).

And It Has Been Revealed [In The Qur’an To The Messenger [SAAS] And The Believers] that upon hearing the Ayat Of Allah [SWT] Being Blasphemed, Mocked and Scoffed [by the Jews and infidels] Then Do Not Share Sitting With Them Unless They Select A Different Discourse. Otherwise You Are Like Them. Verily, Allah [SWT] Shall Summon The Hypocrites And The Blasphemous In The Abyss Altogether.

الَّذِينَ يَتَرَبَّصُونَ بِكُمْ فَإِن كَانَ لَكُمْ فَتْحٌ مِّنَ اللَّهِ قَالُوا أَلَمْ نَكُن مَّعَكُمْ وَإِن كَانَ لِلْكَافِرِينَ نَصِيبٌ قَالُوا أَلَمْ نَسْتَحْوِذْ​​ عَلَيْكُمْ وَنَمْنَعْكُم مِّنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ​​ ۚ​​ فَاللَّهُ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ​​ ۗ​​ وَلَن يَجْعَلَ اللَّهُ لِلْكَافِرِينَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ سَبِيلًا​​ (141).

Those who wait [and watch] you. Then if you gain a victory from Allah, they say, “Were we not with you?” But if the disbelievers have a success, they say [to them], “Did we not gain the​​ advantage over you, but we protected you from the believers?” Allah will judge between [all of] you on the Day of Resurrection, and never will Allah give the disbelievers over the believers a way [to overcome them] (141).

Those are ambuscading [waiting, lurking and hiding] for you. And therefore once you acquire and earn Victory From Allah [SWT] As Well As The Gained Booties. They said, “Were we not with you in Religion and Jihad? Then give us some of the Booties you won.” However, if and when the blasphemous were victorious gaining the upper hand in battle, the same [ambuscading] group would call upon the blasphemous to share the victory with them. By such an act they are showing their hypocritical attitude between believers and non-believers.

Allah [SWT]​​ Promises That on Resurrection Day He [SWT] Shall Be The Sole Adjudicator And Arbitrator Between the Believers and Non-Believers With No Way Or Say For The Non-Believers Over The Believers.

إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يُخَادِعُونَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ خَادِعُهُمْ وَإِذَا قَامُوا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَامُوا كُسَالَىٰ يُرَاءُونَ النَّاسَ وَلَا يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا​​ (142).

Indeed, the hypocrites [think to] deceive Allah, but He is deceiving them. And when they stand for prayer, they stand lazily, showing [themselves to] the people and not remembering Allah except a little (142).

​​ 

Verily, the hypocrites assume they can mislead and beguile Allah [SWT] But He [SWT] Is Deluding And Misleading Them And If And When They Rise Up For Salat, They Rise Lazily, reflecting their personalities to people [surrounding them] And Not Invoking The Name Of Allah [SWT] Other Than A Few Times.

مُّذَبْذَبِينَ بَيْنَ ذَٰلِكَ لَا إِلَىٰ هَٰؤُلَاءِ وَلَا إِلَىٰ هَٰؤُلَاءِ​​ ۚ​​ وَمَن يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُ سَبِيلًا​​ (143).

Wavering between them, [belonging] neither to the believers nor to the disbelievers. And whoever Allah leaves astray – never will you find for him a way (143).

Osculant between both parties [believers and blasphemous] And Whosoever Allah [SWT] Leaves In Aberrance Shall Not Find A Path [of Guidance].

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا الْكَافِرِينَ أَوْلِيَاءَ مِن دُونِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ​​ ۚ​​ أَتُرِيدُونَ أَن تَجْعَلُوا لِلَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ سُلْطَانًا مُّبِينًا​​ (144).

O you who have believed, do not​​ take the disbelievers as allies instead of the believers. Do you wish to give Allah against yourselves a clear case? (144). ​​ ​​​​ 

O you who believe do not take the infidels and blasphemous partners and protagonists. Do you desire to have Allah [SWT] With An​​ Open Pretext To Torment You [on Judgment Day] For Taking the Blasphemous As Allies?​​ 

إِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِي الدَّرْكِ الْأَسْفَلِ مِنَ النَّارِ وَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُمْ نَصِيرًا​​ (145).

Indeed, the hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of the Fire – and​​ never will you find for them a helper ​​ (145).

Verily, the hypocrites shall occupy the lowest rank of The [Hell] Fire and you shall [certainly] not encounter any supporters, backers or proponents.

إِلَّا الَّذِينَ تَابُوا وَأَصْلَحُوا وَاعْتَصَمُوا بِاللَّهِ وَأَخْلَصُوا دِينَهُمْ لِلَّهِ فَأُولَٰئِكَ مَعَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ​​ ۖ​​ وَسَوْفَ يُؤْتِ اللَّهُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا​​ (146).

Except for those who repent, correct themselves, hold fast to Allah, and are sincere in their religion for Allah, for those​​ will be with the believers. And Allah is going to give the believers a great reward (146).

Excluding Those [Hypocrites] who have Repented [To Allah [SWT]], Reformed Themselves And Adhered And Held Fast to Allah [SWT]’s Glory And Majesty And Who Have Shown​​ Sincerity For Their Faith In Allah [SWT], Then These [Ex-Hypocrites] Shall Be Amongst the Believers And Allah [SWT] Shall Grant [All] Believers A Great Reward And Recompense.

مَّا يَفْعَلُ اللَّهُ بِعَذَابِكُمْ إِن شَكَرْتُمْ وَآمَنتُمْ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ​​ شَاكِرًا عَلِيمًا​​ (147).

What would Allah do with your punishment if you are grateful and believe? And ever is Allah Appreciative and Knowing (147).

What Does Allah [SWT] Do With Your Torment If You Are Thankful and Submit To And Believe In Him [SWT]? And​​ [for that action] Allah [SWT] Shall Be Forever Grateful And Knowledgeable.

لَّا يُحِبُّ اللَّهُ الْجَهْرَ بِالسُّوءِ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ إِلَّا مَن ظُلِمَ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ سَمِيعًا عَلِيمًا​​ (148).

Allah does not like the public mention of evil except by one​​ who has been wronged. And ever is Allah Hearing and Knowing (148).

Allah [SWT] Does Not Appreciate [or Like] Speaking Out Wickedly Or Maliciously [Of People] Except Those Who Have Been Unjustly Treated. And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Listening And Observant.

إِن تُبْدُوا خَيْرًا أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ أَوْ تَعْفُوا عَن سُوءٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَفُوًّا قَدِيرًا​​ (149).

If [instead] you show [some] good or conceal it or pardon an offense – indeed,​​ Allah is ever Pardoning and Competent (149).

And if you display good attitude or hide it or forgive ill action [against yourself], then Allah [SWT] Is Forever Forgiving And Capable.

According to Abu Hurairah [RAA] Quoting the Messenger [SAAS] Who Said:” If two people swear, abuse and insult each other then the initiator should retreat and apologize unless the oppressed assaults the initiator and in that case, and if the initiator pardons for the Sake Of Allah [SWT] then this action is better and more appropriate in the Eyes Of Allah [SWT].

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَكْفُرُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَيُرِيدُونَ أَن يُفَرِّقُوا بَيْنَ اللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَيَقُولُونَ نُؤْمِنُ بِبَعْضٍ وَنَكْفُرُ بِبَعْضٍ وَيُرِيدُونَ أَن يَتَّخِذُوا بَيْنَ ذَٰلِكَ سَبِيلًا​​ (150).​​ 

Indeed, those who disbelieve in Allah and His messengers and wish to​​ discriminate between Allah and His messengers and say, “We believe in some and disbelieve in others,” and wish to adopt a way in between​​ (150).

Verily, those blasphemous Who Deny Allah [SWT] And His Messengers [AS] [Denying The Actual Truth As Revealed By​​ Allah [SWT] And Seek To Differentiate Between Allah [SWT] And His Messengers [AS] Saying:” We Believe In Some [Messengers] And Blaspheme In Others, Seeking Middle Ground [Between the Messengers].

This Ayah Was Revealed to the Jews Who Believed in Mousa [AS] And Disbelieved in Issa [AS] And Muhammad [SAAS]. The Christians Did The Same, Believing in Issa [AS] and Disbelieving and Denying the Message of Muhammad [SAAS]. In such conduct and action they sought to find half-way solutions for their belief on the one hand and their disbelief on the other.

أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ حَقًّا​​ ۚ​​ وَأَعْتَدْنَا لِلْكَافِرِينَ عَذَابًا مُّهِينًا​​ (151).​​ 

Those are the disbelievers, truly. And We have prepared for the disbelievers a humiliating punishment (151).

The​​ described people in the previous Ayah are the real blasphemous people And Allah [SWT] Has Intended For Them A Shameful And Disgraced Torment.​​ 

وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَلَمْ يُفَرِّقُوا بَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِّنْهُمْ أُولَٰئِكَ سَوْفَ يُؤْتِيهِمْ أُجُورَهُمْ​​ ۗ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا​​ (152).

But they who believe in Allah and His messengers and do not discriminate between any of them – to those He is going to give their rewards. And ever is Allah Forgiving and Merciful (152).

And Those​​ Who Have Believed in Allah [SWT] And His Messengers [AS] And Did Not Differentiate Between Allah [SWT] And His Messengers [AS], Then Those Believers, Allah [SWT] Shall Reward Them [with the best recompense] And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Forgiving and Merciful.​​ 

يَسْأَلُكَ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ أَن تُنَزِّلَ عَلَيْهِمْ كِتَابًا مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ​​ ۚ​​ فَقَدْ سَأَلُوا مُوسَىٰ أَكْبَرَ مِن ذَٰلِكَ فَقَالُوا أَرِنَا اللَّهَ جَهْرَةً​​ فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الصَّاعِقَةُ بِظُلْمِهِمْ​​ ۚ​​ ثُمَّ اتَّخَذُوا الْعِجْلَ مِن بَعْدِ مَا​​ جَاءَتْهُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ فَعَفَوْنَا عَن ذَٰلِكَ​​ ۚ​​ وَآتَيْنَا مُوسَىٰ سُلْطَانًا مُّبِينًا​​ (153).

The People of the Scripture ask you to bring down to them a book from the heaven. But they had asked of Moses [even] greater than that and said, “Show us Allah outright,” so the thunderbolt struck them for their wrongdoing. Then they took the calf [for worship] after clear evidences had come to them, and We pardoned that. And We gave Moses a clear authority (153).

Ayat 153 to 161 of Surat Al Nisa’a Talk About​​ the Jews and their Intransigence and Transgression Against Prophets Mousa [AS] And Prophet Issa [AS]. These Ayat Are Similar to Ayat 49-55 & 87-93 of Surat Al Baqarah.

The People of the Book [the Jews] ask you O Muhammad [SAAS] to Ascend to the Empyrean [while they watch] Revealing to them a Book from the Heavens proofing His Prophecy like they demanded the same from Prophet Mousa [AS] before. However, the Jews asked their Prophet Mousa [AS] a greater request, Saying:” Show Us The Face Of Allah [SWT] Openly” [Challenging His Prophecy] and so they were hit by a lightning strike [due to their injustice and unfairness] which wiped them off the face of the earth.​​ 

In this context, the Prophet [SAAS] is quoted as saying:” You Shall See Your Lord [on Judgement Day] Like This Moon And You Shall Not Grief. And So If You Cannot Be Overcome In Your Salat Before Sunrise And Salat Before Sunset Then Perform Them.”

After this episode the Jews Adopted and Embraced the Calf as their God and worshiped it instead of Allah​​ [SWT] [Also mentioned in Ayah 54/Surat Al Baqarah and Ayah 148/ Surat Al A’araf] [despite the Miracles Sent Down To Mousa [AS] relating to the cane, then the white hand and then the Splitting of the Nile waters into two distinct parts [which drowned the Pharaoh King of Egypt and His Army]. Allah [SWT] Forgave The Jews Their Impedance And Intransigence and Gave Prophet Mousa [AS] Pronounced Dominion.

وَرَفَعْنَا فَوْقَهُمُ الطُّورَ بِمِيثَاقِهِمْ وَقُلْنَا لَهُمُ ادْخُلُوا الْبَابَ سُجَّدًا وَقُلْنَا لَهُمْ​​ لَا تَعْدُوا فِي السَّبْتِ وَأَخَذْنَا مِنْهُم مِّيثَاقًا غَلِيظًا​​ (154).

And We raised over them the mount for [refusal of] their covenant; and We said to them, “Enter the gate bowing humbly”, and We said to them, “Do not transgress on the sabbath”, and​​ We took from them a solemn covenant. ​​ ​​​​ 

And We [SWT] Have Raised Al Tour [One of the Towering Peaks of Mount Sinai] for their Covenant And We [SWT] Said: “To Them [the Jews] Enter The Door With Humility”, And We [SWT] Said: “To Them Do Not Transgress on the Saturday [Sabath: Celebration Day of the Jews] and We [SWT] Obtained From Them a Strong and Firm Covenant.

فَبِمَا نَقْضِهِم مِّيثَاقَهُمْ وَكُفْرِهِم بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَقَتْلِهِمُ الْأَنبِيَاءَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَقَوْلِهِمْ قُلُوبُنَا غُلْفٌ​​ ۚ​​ بَلْ طَبَعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا بِكُفْرِهِمْ فَلَا يُؤْمِنُونَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا​​ (155).

And [We cursed them] for their breaking of the covenant and their disbelief in the signs of Allah and their killing of the prophets without right and their saying, “Our hearts are​​ wrapped”. Rather, Allah has sealed them because of their disbelief, so they believe not, except for a few (155).

The Jews, for their breaking and rescinding their Covenant and for their Disbelieving and Denying the Ayat of Allah [SWT] and for Murdering the​​ Prophets without Prerogative [like Prophets Zakariyyah [AS] and Yahya [AS] amongst others] and saying: “Our hearts are shrouded and enwrapped” [and thus we do not understand the Message of Prophet of Mousa [AS]]. Therefore Allah [SWT] Has Impressed And Stamped Their Hearts For Their Blasphemous Behavior Except For A Few Believers.

وَبِكُفْرِهِمْ وَقَوْلِهِمْ عَلَىٰ مَرْيَمَ بُهْتَانًا عَظِيمًا​​ (156)

And [We cursed them] for their disbelief and their saying against Mary a great slander​​ (156).

And With The​​ Jews Blasphemy And Their Great Slander Through the Characterization and Depiction of Mariam Mother Of Issa [AS] As A Concubine To Yousif The Carpenter Who Was A Righteous Man.

وَقَوْلِهِمْ إِنَّا قَتَلْنَا الْمَسِيحَ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا قَتَلُوهُ وَمَا صَلَبُوهُ وَلَٰكِن شُبِّهَ لَهُمْ​​ ۚ​​ وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ لَفِي شَكٍّ مِّنْهُ​​ ۚ​​ مَا لَهُم بِهِ مِنْ عِلْمٍ إِلَّا اتِّبَاعَ الظَّنِّ​​ ۚ​​ وَمَا قَتَلُوهُ يَقِينًا​​ (157).

​​ And [for] their saying, “Indeed, we have killed the​​ Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, the messenger of Allah.” And they did not kill him, nor did they crucify him; but [another] was made to resemble him to them. And indeed, those who differ over it are in doubt about it. They have no knowledge of it except the following of assumption. And they did not kill him, for certain (157).

The Jews And Christians [In Denial, Refusal and Disavowal] Said:” We Murdered The Meseeh Issa [AS] Son Of Mariam, The Messenger Of Allah [SWT]. However, Neither Did They Murder Nor​​ Crucify The Meseeh Issa [AS] But Rather “A Look Alike” Was Chosen For Crucifying. This Was The Response Of Allah The Creator [SWT]. Verily, Those Christians Who Differed And Were Guessing In Opinion About His Presumed Death Were In Fact Suspicious Of The Whole Ordeal. Al Nasturiyya Christians Claimed That He Was Crucified Because Of His Humanity. Al Malkanyya Christians On The Other Hand, Claimed That He Was Crucified Due To His Humanity And His Theology [And Divinity]. And So They Certainly Did Not Crucify​​ Him.

بَل رَّفَعَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزًا حَكِيمًا​​ (158)

Rather, Allah raised him to Himself. And ever is Allah Exalted in Might and​​ Wise (158).

But Instead He [The Meseeh Issa Son Of Mariam [AS]] Was Elevated To Allah [SWT] And​​ Allah [SWT] Is Forever Mighty And Wise.

وَإِن مِّنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ إِلَّا لَيُؤْمِنَنَّ بِهِ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ​​ ۖ​​ وَيَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَهِيدًا​​ (159).

And there is none from the People of the Scripture but that he will surely believe in Jesus before his death. And on the Day of Resurrection he will be against them a witness (159).

The meaning of this Ayah Is That All Humanity Shall Believe In Him [The Meseeh Issa Son Of Mariam [AS]] Upon His Descent From the Heavens In The End Of Time [As described in more than one Hadeeth of the Confirmed Prophetic Sunnah of the Messenger of Islam Muhammad [SAAS]]. And On Resurrection Day Prophet Issa [AS] Shall Be A Witness On The Jews Who Denied His Prophecy And The Christians Who Extravagantly Called​​ Him The “Son Of God”.

فَبِظُلْمٍ مِّنَ الَّذِينَ هَادُوا حَرَّمْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ طَيِّبَاتٍ أُحِلَّتْ لَهُمْ وَبِصَدِّهِمْ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ كَثِيرًا​​ (160).

For wrongdoing on the part of the Jews, We made unlawful for them [certain] good foods which had​​ been lawful to them, and for their averting from the way of Allah many [people] (160).​​ 

Thus for the great injustices of the Jews [because the sins described in the foregoing Ayat] We [SWT] Have Prohibited Delicious Foods Permitted For Them As Was the Case​​ Before [as described in Ayah 146 from Surat Al An’am]. And for their repelling and rebuffing people from the Path Of Allah [SWT] Exemplified by Believing And Following The Message of the Final Prophet Muhammad [SAAS].

وَأَخْذِهِمُ الرِّبَا وَقَدْ نُهُوا​​ عَنْهُ وَأَكْلِهِمْ أَمْوَالَ النَّاسِ بِالْبَاطِلِ​​ ۚ​​ وَأَعْتَدْنَا لِلْكَافِرِينَ مِنْهُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا​​ (161).

And [for] their taking of usury while they had been forbidden from it, and their consuming of the people’s wealth unjustly. And we have​​ prepared for the disbelievers among them a painful punishment (161).

Amongst the greatest sins of the Jews [since their inception as a universal religion] is their dealing with Ri’ba [Usury] despite them being prohibited from these dealings and behavior [See Ayat 275 & 276 from Surat Al Baqarah]. With their Ri’ba dealings they devour the savings and funds of people in a delusive way. And We [SWT] Have Intended For The Blasphemous Amongst Them Painful Torment.

لَّٰكِنِ الرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ مِنْهُمْ​​ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِمَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا أُنزِلَ مِن قَبْلِكَ​​ ۚ​​ وَالْمُقِيمِينَ الصَّلَاةَ​​ ۚ​​ وَالْمُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ​​ 

وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أُولَٰئِكَ سَنُؤْتِيهِمْ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا​​ (162).

But those firm in​​ knowledge among them and the believers believe in what has been revealed to you, [O Muhammad], and what was revealed before you. And the establishers of prayer [especially] and​​ the givers of zakah and the believers in Allah and the Last Day – those We will​​ give a great reward (162).

But those who are well grounded in the understanding and comprehension of the Qur’an and the Sunnah Revealed To You O Muhammad [SAAS] and that which was revealed before you [to either the People of the Book who entered Islam after accepting the Message of Muhammad [SAAS]] or the Emigrants [from Makkah] and the Supporters [in Medina] from the Muslim Believers. And to those who establish Salat [daily prayers] and those who pay Zakat [pay Alms annually] and who Believe in Allah [SWT] And The Last Day. To those ​​ Believers of the of the People of the Book who accepted Islam mentioned earlier or the Emigrants [from Makkah] and the Supporters [in Medina] from the Muslim Believers, To those Muslims Allah [SWT] Shall Grant Them Magnificent And Honorable Recompense.

إِنَّا أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ كَمَا أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ نُوحٍ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ مِن بَعْدِهِ​​ ۚ​​ وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ وَالْأَسْبَاطِ وَعِيسَىٰ وَأَيُّوبَ وَيُونُسَ وَهَارُونَ وَسُلَيْمَانَ​​ ۚ​​ وَآتَيْنَا دَاوُودَ زَبُورًا​​ (163).

Indeed, We have revealed to you, [O Muhammad], as We revealed to Noah and the prophets after him. And we revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, the Descendants, Jesus, Job, Jonah, Aaron, and Solomon, and​​ to David We gave the book [of Psalms] (163).

Verily, We [SWT] Have Revealed To You O Muhammad [SAAS] As We [SWT] Have Revealed To Nooh [AS] And To The Prophets [AS] That Were Sent After Nooh [AS]. As We [SWT] Have Revealed To Prophet Ibraheem [AS], Prophet Isma’eel [AS], Prophet Is’haaq [AS], Prophet Yaq’oob [AS] And His Sons And Offspring [Asbat in Arabic], Prophet Issa [AS], Prophet Ayyoob [AS], Prophet Younis [AS], Prophet Haroon [AS] And Prophet Sulaiman [AS].​​ And We [SWT] Granted Prophet Dawood [AS] The Psalms [Mazameer in Arabic].

The overall meaning of this Ayah is that all the above Prophets and Messengers named above [including the Final Prophet Muhammad [SAAS]] have the similar Message and Islamic Laws and Jurisprudence. As for Prophet Dawood [AS] He Was Given The Mazameer which [According to Al Imam Al Qurtubi] consists of 150 Surah which do not contain religious provisions, prohibitions and permissions, but rather preaching and wisdom.

وَرُسُلًا قَدْ قَصَصْنَاهُمْ عَلَيْكَ مِن قَبْلُ وَرُسُلًا​​ لَّمْ نَقْصُصْهُمْ عَلَيْكَ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَلَّمَ اللَّهُ مُوسَىٰ تَكْلِيمًا​​ (164).

And [We sent] messengers about whom We have related [their stories] to you before and messengers about whom We have not related to you. And Allah spoke to Moses with [direct] speech​​ (164).

And We [SWT] Have Explained To You O Muhammad [SAAS] About Messengers And Their News Before Your Time As Well As Messengers Not Explained To You And Allah [SWT] Spoke to Prophet Mousa [AS] Through An Actual Dialogue Between Him [AS] And His Creator [SWT] And So He [AS] Was Known As “Converser With Allah [SWT]” [Kaleem Allah [SWT] in Arabic] To Honor His Status.

According to Abu Thar Al Ghaffari [RAA] Quoting the Prophet Muhammad [SAAS]: “Allah [SWT] Has Sent 124,000 Prophets [AS] while the Messengers [AS] were only 313.

رُّسُلًا مُّبَشِّرِينَ وَمُنذِرِينَ لِئَلَّا يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَى اللَّهِ حُجَّةٌ بَعْدَ الرُّسُلِ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَزِيزًا حَكِيمًا​​ (165). ​​​​ 

[We sent] messengers as bringers of good tidings and warners so that mankind will​​ have no argument against Allah after the messengers. And ever is Allah Exalted in Might and Wise (165).

We [SWT] Delivered Messengers [AS] With Glad Tidings And Those Who Are Harbingers To Humankind So As To Give People No Pretext Or Reason Contra To The Commandments Of Allah [SWT] After Sending Down Messengers [AS]. And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Mighty and Wise.

لَّٰكِنِ اللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ بِمَا أَنزَلَ إِلَيْكَ​​ ۖ​​ أَنزَلَهُ بِعِلْمِهِ​​ ۖ​​ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ يَشْهَدُونَ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ شَهِيدًا​​ (166).

But​​ Allah bears witness to that which He has revealed to you. He has sent it down with His knowledge, and the angels bear witness [as well]. And sufficient is Allah as Witness (166).

However, Allah [SWT] Witnesses What He [SWT] Has Sent Down [In The Form Of The Revelation To You O Muhammad]. The Revelation [The Qur’an and Sunnah] Was Sent To The Prophet [SAAS] With The Knowledge And Realization of Allah [SWT] And The Angles Stand Witness To This Divine Event. Thus, Appropriate Is Allah [SWT] As A Witness Regarding The Miracles Confirming The Prophecy Of Muhammad [SAAS]. Thus, O Muhammad [SAAS] Do Not Be Melancholic, Sad Or Sorrowful Of Those Blasphemous And Infidels Who Deny Your Prophecy Since Allah [SWT] Is Sufficient As The True And Real Witness.

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَصَدُّوا عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ قَدْ ضَلُّوا ضَلَالًا بَعِيدًا​​ (167).

Indeed, those who disbelieve and avert [people] from the way of Allah have certainly gone far astray (167).

Verily, those who have blasphemed [from the Jews] and rebuffed and​​ pushed back [people] from the Path of Allah [SWT] Have Gone Into Remote Aberration.

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَظَلَمُوا لَمْ يَكُنِ اللَّهُ لِيَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ وَلَا لِيَهْدِيَهُمْ طَرِيقًا​​ (168).

Indeed, those who disbelieve and commit wrong [or injustice]​​ – never will Allah forgive them, nor will He guide them to a path.

Verily, those who have blasphemed [from the Jews] and have transgressed [against others], Allah [SWT] Shall Not Forgive them and Guide Them To A Righteous Path.

إِلَّا طَرِيقَ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرًا​​ (169).

Except the path of Hell; they will abide therein forever. And that, for Allah, is [always] easy (179).

Barring The Path Of The Abyss, Where They Shall Remain Immortally Forever. And​​ This [Destiny] For Allah [SWT] Is Both Straightforward and Unpretentious.

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدْ جَاءَكُمُ الرَّسُولُ بِالْحَقِّ مِن رَّبِّكُمْ فَآمِنُوا خَيْرًا لَّكُمْ​​ ۚ​​ وَإِن تَكْفُرُوا فَإِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ​​ ۚ​​ وَكَانَ​​ اللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا​​ (170).

O Mankind, the Messenger has come to you with the truth from your Lord, so believe; it is better for you. But if you disbelieve – then indeed, to Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and earth. And ever is Allah Knowing​​ and Wise (170).​​ 

O Humankind, The Messenger [Muhammad [SAAS]] has arrived with the Truth [Qur’an and Sunnah] From Your Lord, Thus Have Faith For It Is Favorable For You [believers]. However, If You Disbelieve Then Verily Allah [SWT] Holds The Reigns And Dominions Of The Heavens And The Earth. And Allah [SWT] Is Forever Knowledgeable And Wise [of your souls and their destinations on the Day Of Resurrection].

يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ لَا تَغْلُوا فِي دِينِكُمْ وَلَا تَقُولُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْحَقَّ​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّمَا الْمَسِيحُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَكَلِمَتُهُ أَلْقَاهَا إِلَىٰ مَرْيَمَ وَرُوحٌ مِّنْهُ​​ ۖ​​ فَآمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِ​​ ۖ​​ وَلَا تَقُولُوا ثَلَاثَةٌ​​ ۚ​​ انتَهُوا خَيْرًا لَّكُمْ​​ ۚ​​ إِنَّمَا اللَّهُ إِلَٰهٌ وَاحِدٌ​​ ۖ​​ سُبْحَانَهُ أَن​​ يَكُونَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ​​ ۘ​​ لَّهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ​​ ۗ​​ وَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ وَكِيلًا​​ (171).  ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​  ​​​​ 

O People of the Scripture, do not commit excess in your religion or say about Allah except the truth. The Messiah, Jesus, the son of Mary, was but a messenger of Allah and His word which He directed to Mary and a soul [created at a command] from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers. And do not say, “Three”; desist – it is better​​ for you. Indeed, Allah is but one God. Exalted is He above having a son. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And sufficient is Allah as Disposer of affairs. ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​  

O People of the Book [Jews and Christians]​​ do not exaggerate, titillate and exceed your limits. And Do Not Say On Allah [SWT] But The Truth. [The Jews Claimed Ozayr [One Of The Jewish Prophets Is The Son Of Allah [SWT]] While The Christians Professed That Issa [AS] Al Maseeh Son Of Mariam [RAA] Is​​ The Son Of Allah [SWT]. Instead, [The Truth] Is That Issa [AS] The Son Of Mariam [RAA] Is In Actual Fact The Messenger Of Allah [SWT] And The Word Of Allah [SWT] Was Bestowed On Mariam [RAA] Through Archangel Jibreel [AS] Who Carried And Gave Birth To Al Maseeh Issa [AS], Thus Believe In Allah [SWT] And His Messengers [AS] And Refrain From Saying ‘Trinity’ Since It Is More Favorable For You [believers]. Alternatively, Allah [SWT] Is The One Deity, Exalted Is He [SWT] Who Has No Son. To Him [SWT] Belongs The​​ Reigns and Dominions Of The Heavens And The Earth And Allah [SWT] Is Sufficient As A Guarantor.

لَّن يَسْتَنكِفَ الْمَسِيحُ أَن يَكُونَ عَبْدًا لِّلَّهِ وَلَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ​​ ۚ​​ وَمَن يَسْتَنكِفْ عَنْ عِبَادَتِهِ وَيَسْتَكْبِرْ​​ فَسَيَحْشُرُهُمْ إِلَيْهِ (172). ​​ جَمِيعًا

Never would the Messiah disdain to be a servant of Allah , nor would the angels near [to Him]. And whoever disdains His worship and is arrogant – He will gather them to Himself all together (172).​​  ​​ ​​​​ ​​ 

Al Maseeh [AS] Shall Not Disrespect, Scorn Or Disfavor Being A Worshipper Of Allah [SWT] Nor The Angles Close [To Allah [SWT]] And Whosoever Disdains From Allah [SWT]’s Worship and is Proud And Conceited Then​​ They Shall, All Of Them, Be Gathered And Summoned To Him [SWT] ​​ .

فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ فَيُوَفِّيهِمْ أُجُورَهُمْ وَيَزِيدُهُم مِّن فَضْلِهِ​​ ۖ​​ وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ اسْتَنكَفُوا وَاسْتَكْبَرُوا فَيُعَذِّبُهُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا وَلَا يَجِدُونَ لَهُم مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلِيًّا وَلَا​​ نَصِيرًا​​ (173).

And as for those who believed and did righteous deeds, He will give them in full their rewards and grant them extra from His bounty. But as for those who disdained and were arrogant, He will punish them with a painful punishment, and they will not find for themselves besides Allah any protector or helper (173).

And So For Those Who Believe And Have Performed Righteous Deeds, He [SWT] Shall Honor Them With Their Recompense And Give Them More From His Grace [SWT]. As For Those Who Disdain And​​ Are​​ Proud And Conceited Then He [SWT] Shall Torment Them Painfully And They Shall Not Find Themselves Other Than Allah [SWT] As A​​ Protagonist Or An Ally.

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدْ جَاءَكُم بُرْهَانٌ مِّن رَّبِّكُمْ وَأَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ نُورًا​​ مُّبِينًا​​ (174).

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O Humankind You Have Received Evidence, Testimony and Affirmation From Your Lord [SWT] And We Have Descended To You A Pronounced [Divine] Light.

فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَاعْتَصَمُوا بِهِ فَسَيُدْخِلُهُمْ فِي رَحْمَةٍ مِّنْهُ وَفَضْلٍ وَيَهْدِيهِمْ إِلَيْهِ صِرَاطًا مُّسْتَقِيمًا​​ (175).

So those who believe in Allah and hold fast to Him – He will admit them to mercy from Himself and bounty and guide them to Himself on a straight path (175).

As For those Who Have Believed in Allah [SWT] Who Have Abided And​​ Adhered To Him [SWT], Then He [SWT] Shall Enter Them Within His Mercy And Grace And Guide Them To Him [SWT] On A Straight Path [which is the Religion of Islam].

يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِي الْكَلَالَةِ​​ ۚ​​ إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ​​ ۚ​​ وَهُوَ يَرِثُهَا​​ إِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهَا وَلَدٌ​​ ۚ​​ فَإِن كَانَتَا اثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُمَا الثُّلُثَانِ مِمَّا تَرَكَ​​ ۚ​​ وَإِن كَانُوا إِخْوَةً رِّجَالًا وَنِسَاءً فَلِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنثَيَيْنِ​​ ۗ​​ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ أَن تَضِلُّوا​​ ۗ​​ وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ​​ (176).

They request from you a [legal] ruling. Say, “Allah gives you a ruling concerning one having neither descendants nor ascendants [as heirs].” If a man dies, leaving no child but [only]​​ a sister, she will have half of what he left. And he inherits from her if she [dies and] has no child. But if there are two sisters [or more], they will have two-thirds of what he left. If there are both brothers and sisters, the male will have the share​​ of two females. Allah makes clear to you [His law], lest you go astray. And Allah is Knowing of all things (176).​​ 

And the Muslim believers ask you [O Muhammad] to give them a Jurisprudential Opinion in the case that inheriting woman and men [whose​​ inheritance is bought to question] have left neither ascendants nor descendants [known as Kalalah in Arabic] then in the case that a male is deceased without any offspring but a sister then she shall inherit half of his wealth. Conversely, the brother inherits his sister who has no offspring. However, if the deceased has two sisters [or more] then they inherit two thirds of his wealth. In the case of mixed brothers and sisters then the original principle of inheritance is applicable, that is, the male shall​​ have the share of two females. Allah [SWT] Shows You His Divine Legislation So That You Do Not Go Into Aberrance. And Allah [SWT] Is Knowledgeable of Everything.​​ 

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